Task 2 Read More for Useful Information
Passage 2
Language points
1. enroll vt. 登记，注册，招生
e.g. The school will enroll new students in August. 这所学校将于八月份招收新生。
We enrolled him as a member of the society. 我们吸收他为会员。
be enrolled in 入学，入伍
e.g. The students’ next goal is to be enrolled in a university.
这些学生的下一个目标便是考上大学。
Facebook’s terms of use state that members must be at least 13 years old, and any member between the ages of 13 and 18 must be enrolled in school.
脸书的使用条款规定会员必须至少13周岁，而13至18岁的任何用户必须是在校学生。
2. ... a pre-primary plan in designated areas of urban disadvantage, for children who are most
at risk of not going on with education.
Translation: 针对城市中特定贫困地区的学前教育计划，旨在为最有可能无法成功接受教育的儿童提供服务。
Explanation: areas of urban disadvantage 城市贫困地区，此处disadvantage为委婉表达；most at risk of最有可能……
designate vt. 指定，指派，任命
e.g. Many museums designate a certain night of the week for free admission.
许多博物馆指定每周某个晚上为游客免费开放。
The chairman has designated Christina as his successor.
主席已经任命克里斯蒂娜作他的继任者。
3. ... early childhood education and care services in Ireland are delivered outside the formal education system, by a diverse range of private, community and voluntary interests, in the name of crèches, nurseries, pre-schools, naíonraí (Irish language pre-schools)，playgroups and daycare services.
Translation: 除上述以外，爱尔兰还有各种各样的私人、社区或志愿团体等各类机构在正式的教育体系之外提供幼儿教育和护理服务，它们被称为crèches（爱尔兰语, 托儿班）、托儿所、学前班、naíonraí（爱尔兰语, 学前班）、幼儿游戏组或日托服务。
Explanation: a diverse range of private, community and voluntary interests私人，社区和志愿团体,
此句中interests意为“利益团体”
e.g. The government accused unnamed "foreign interests" of inciting the trouble.
政府不点名地指责一些“外国利益集团”煽动骚乱。
diverse adj. 不同的，多种多样的
e.g. Cuba is a composite of diverse traditions and people.
古巴是一个不同传统和民族的融合体。
It is geographically more diverse than any other continent.
它在地理上比其他任何大陆都更具多样性。
a range of 一系列的，各种的
e.g. They talked amiably and easily about a range of topics.
他们亲切而又轻松地谈着一系列的话题。
The machine dispenses a range of drinks and snacks.
这台机器发售各种饮料和小吃。
4. implement vt. 实施，执行；实现
e.g. The government promised to implement a new system to control financial loan institutions.
政府许诺要实施新的制度来控制金融贷款机构。
You design, then implement from the design.
先设计，然后根据设计实现。
5. challenging adj. 挑战的；引起挑战性兴趣的，挑衅的
e.g. Mike found a challenging job as a computer programmer.
迈克找到了一份富有挑战性的工作——当电脑程序师。
He left a note at the scene of the crime, challenging detectives to catch him.
他在作案现场留了一张纸条，挑衅侦探们去抓他。
6. competent adj. 胜任的；有能力的；能干的；足够的
e.g. He was a loyal, distinguished and very competent civil servant.
他是一个忠诚、出色、很有能力的公务员。
He is not competent to the task of teaching English.
他不能胜任英语教学工作。
7. out-of-home settings 家庭以外的场合
setting n. (事件发生的) 背景; 地点, 场景
e.g. Rome is the perfect setting for romance.
罗马是寻求浪漫的最佳地点。
The setting of the story is a hotel in Paris during the war.
故事发生在战时巴黎的一家旅馆里。
8. eligibility n. 适任，合格；被选举资格
e.g. Should the Conservatives win the British election, they may change eligibility for welfare
payments. 如果英国保守党当选的话，他们有可能会改革福利支付的获益资格。
Her qualification and experience confirm her eligibility for the job.
她的资历和经验决定她适宜做这项工作。
参考译文
爱尔兰的学前教育
爱尔兰的义务教育年龄为6岁，有各种形式的学前教育供选择。4岁以上的儿童可以报名上小学附设的幼儿班。差不多40%的4岁儿童和几乎所有5岁儿童都在小学的幼儿班里接受早期教育。
教育和技能部除了资助在小学附设的幼儿班上学的儿童外，也为某些专门的学前教育机构提供资助。这些包括：
◆ “早期启动计划”是针对城市中特定贫困地区的学前教育计划，旨在为最有可能无法成功接受教育的儿童提供服务。 现有的40个“早期启动”中心提供1,650个学位。
◆ 拉特兰街项目，是都柏林市中心社区的一个项目。 它不是“早期启动计划”的一部分，但它试行的很多方案后来都被纳入“早期启动计划”。
除上述以外，爱尔兰还有各种各样的私人、社区或志愿团体等各类机构在正式的教育体系之外提供幼儿教育和护理服务，它们被称为crèches（爱尔兰语, 托儿班）、托儿所、学前班、naíonraí（爱尔兰语, 学前班）、幼儿游戏组或日托服务。政府在这方面的支持主要由儿童与青年事务部（DCYA）实施。
教育和技能部与儿童与青年事务部密切合作，在维护该领域的教育质量方面起着关键作用。
全国课程与评估委员会（NCCA）与DCYA资助的机构合作，编制了名为Aistear-in-Action手册的课程大纲，该手册为成年人提供指导，以帮助他们设计和准备既有趣味性又有挑战性的活动，以便所有儿童都可以在与他人的亲密关系中成长为能干且自信的学习者。Aistear，爱尔兰语中的“旅途”的意思，它象征着许多人的一段激动人心的旅程的开始和进行，这些人可能是家有儿女的父母，也可能是家庭之外其他场所的保姆和幼儿教师之类的从业人员，甚至是正身处学习与发展的人生旅程中的幼儿自身。Aistears手册的出版是爱尔兰幼儿教育的重要里程碑。
“学前时段免费计划”始于2010年1月，现在由儿童和青年事务部管理。该计划覆盖年龄低至2岁零8个月。所有适龄儿童都可以享受两年的“幼早看护与教育免费计划”（ECCE）。
☛ Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage you’ve read.
(F) 1. All 5-year-old children in Ireland attend primary school.
(T) 2. Nurseries, pre-schools, playgroups and daycare services also provide early childhood education.
(F) 3. Aistear-in-Action is a famous pre-primary school.
(F) 4. The DCYA produced a curriculum to provide guidance for early childhood education.
(F) 5. Children at any age can join the free Pre-school Year scheme.
After-reading Activity Build a Word Bank
☛ The following words are all about education. Read and match their meanings.
1. F 2. E 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. J 8. G 9. H 10. I
☛ Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. The compulsory school age in Ireland is 6.
爱尔兰的义务教育年龄为6岁。
2. The Department of Education and Skills funds some specific pre-primary services.
教育和技能部为某些专门的学前服务机构提供资金。
3. The free Pre-school Year scheme was introduced in January 2010 and is being administered by the Department of Children and Youth Affairs.
“学前时段免费计划”始于2010年1月，现在由儿童和青年事务部管理。
4. Recently, the problem of the single-gender structure of infant teachers has aroused great concern.
最近，幼儿教师的单一性别结构问题引起了极大的关注。
5. Teachers incorporated business skills into the regular school curriculum.
教师们将商业技能纳入学校常规课程。