Task 2 Read More for Useful Information

Task 2 Read More for Useful Information

Passage 2

Language points

1. milestone n.里程碑

e.g. This was a huge milestone for me in my study.

这是我的学习之路上的一个重要的里程碑。

But for these young people, the real milestone would be to find something to do next.

但是对于这些年轻人们来说,真正的里程碑是接下来要找到事情做。

2. Why did college become the most common term for post-secondary education?Translation: 为什么college成为指代高等教育时普遍使用的术语?

Explanation: Secondary education就是指高中,在中国包括初中和高中。Post-secondary education跟高等教育是同一个意思,也就是指所有在高中以后获得的学历,通常包括大学本科学位、研究生学位、博士学位,职业学校和技术学校的专科文凭也包括在内。

幼儿园、托儿所、学前班= pre-school/nursery education

小学、初中= primary education (初中也有归到secondary education的)

高中= secondary education

大学,学院= post-secondary/higher education

一般primary和secondary education是义务(compulsory)教育,学习“常识”(common knowledge)。

Higher education 学习专业/职业知识。

3. A college is typically a four-year school that offers undergraduate degrees like an associate’s or a bachelor’s.

Translation:北美的college一般指提供本科学位比如准学士学位或学士学位的四年制大学。

Explanation: undergraduate degrees 本科学位

associate(某些美国二年制高等专科学校授予的低于学士学位的)准学士学位

bachelor degree学士学位

4. community n.社区

e.g. He’s well liked by people in the community. 他很受社区人们的喜爱。

The meeting will be held in the community centre. 会议将在社区活动中心举行。

5. doctorate n.博士学位

e.g. She’s studying for her doctorate. 她正在攻读博士学位。

Where did she do her doctorate? 她是在哪里攻读博士学位的?

6. exception n.例外

e.g. The law makes no exceptions. 法律不搞例外。

Few guitarists can sing as well as they can play; Eddie, however, is an exception.

很少有吉他手唱歌能唱得跟弹得一样好,而艾迪是个例外。

7. complicate vt.使复杂化

e.g. I do not wish to complicate the task more than is necessary.我不想使这项任务不必要地复杂化。

What complicates the issue is the burden of history. 使问题复杂化是历史的重负。

10. institution n.机构

e.g. They organized a benevolent institution to help the poor and disabled.

他们组织了一个慈善机构帮助穷人和残疾人。

OPIC is the U.S. Government’s development finance institution.

OPIC是美国政府负责发展领域的金融机构。

11. qualify vi.有资格

e.g. She qualified as a doctor this year. 她今年取得了医生资格。

But when I’d qualified and started teaching it was a different story.

但是当我取得资格并开始从教时,情况就完全不同了。

12. retain vt.保持

e.g. His speech could not retain the interest of his audience. 他的讲话不能保持住听众的兴趣。

Native people were allowed to retain some sense of their traditional culture and religion.

土著人被允许保留一些自己的传统文化和宗教。

13. determination n.决心

e.g. Everyone concerned acted with great courage and determination.

每个相关的人都以巨大的勇气和决心行动了。

His dogged determination helped him to win the race. 他的坚强决心使他赢得比赛。

14. applicant n. 申请人

e.g. They were selected from many applicants. 他们是从许多报名者当中选出来的。

Next Friday is the deadline for applicants’ sending in photos and vitae.

下星期五是申请人呈递照片和简历的截止日期。

参考译文

College和university之间有什么区别吗?

上大学对任何一个年轻人来说都是人生大事。然而,在美国,很少有人用university来泛指“大学”,即使他们上的是哈佛大学。为什么college成为指代高等教育时普遍使用的术语?这两者之间有什么区别吗?

尽管university这个词汇在这两者中历史更悠久,早在13世纪就产生了,但北美的学校和学生却主要用college来指代大多数高校。北美的college一般指提供本科学位(比如准学士学位或学士学位)的四年制大学。(社区学院通常是两年制高校)。College一般不提供硕士或博士学位,学生规模通常也没有university大。

University则一般都会提供本科和研究生课程,有更大的学生群体能获得高级学位。University还可以包含若干个学院,这些学院被称为college。一所university旗下可能有艺术学院、科学学院和商学院。比如密歇根大学(university)旗下就有工程学院(college)。

尽管如此,但也有例外。一些college可能比university还大,一些college可能还会提供硕士学位。更复杂的是,一些符合university标准的高校也许会选择自称为college。达特茅斯学院和波士顿学院都符合university的标准,但却出于传统原因而使用college的名称。有些高校一开始是college,后来发展成university,但仍保留原来的名字。

人们往往会认为university更有影响力更难进,但其实不能根据名称来仓促判断,因为变量太多。一些college对申请者的要求比university还要高。有些university可能比某些college还小。两种高校都既可能是公立的,也可能是私立的。

在英国,学生上大学用的词是university而非college。英国的college通常是两年制,学生专攻一项技能(和职业学校很相似)或为升入大学(university)的考试做准备。

☛Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage you’ve read.

(T) 1. Universities appeared earlier in history.

(F) 2. Universities are bigger than colleges.

(F) 3. A college offers master’s degrees.

(F) 4. It’s harder to get into a university than a college.

(T) 5. The word “university” is preferred over “college” in the UK.

After-reading Activity Build a Word Bank

☛The following words are all about education. Read and match their meanings.

1.C 2.D 3.G 4.A 5.I 6.E 7.B 8.H 9.J 10.F

☛ Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. Schools and students in North America have accepted college to describe most places of higher learning.

北美的学校和学生主要用college来指代大多数高校。

2. A college is typically a four-year school that offers undergraduate degrees like an associate’s or a bachelor’s.

北美的college一般指提供本科学位比如准学士学位或学士学位的四年制大学。

3.Schools may begin as colleges, grow into universities, but retain the original name.

有些高校一开始是college,后来发展成university,但仍保留原来的名字。

4. Some colleges might ask more of applicants than universities.

一些college对申请者的要求比university还要高。

5. In the UK, students go off to university instead of college.

在英国,学生上大学用的词是university而非college。