Task 1 Read for Useful Information
Pre-reading Activity 1 Listen and Read Aloud
（略）
Pre-reading Activity 2 Express Yourself
☛ This section aims at introducing some topics for students to express themselves.
The common Western foods:
pizza steak hamburger hot dog sandwich egg tart French fries spaghetti salad ham turkey toast bread baguette coffee coco cola cheese
Sentences like the following may be used.
◆ I know quit a lot about Western foods.
◆ The most common Western foods are…
◆ In my opinion, the most distinctive American food is hamburger.
◆ As far as I know, turkey is the specialty in America.
◆ If I had to choose, the most representative food in America is hot dog.
Reading Activity 1 Read and Try to Understand
Passage 1
Language points
Para.1
1. nutrition n. [U]
1）the science that deals with the effects of food, vitamins etc on people’s health 营养学
e.g. Mr. Carl is a very excellent nutrition researcher.
卡尔先生是一名非常优秀的营养学研究员。
I’d like to continue the topic on nutrition.
我想继续这个关于营养学的话题。
2）a source of materials to nourish the body 营养（物）
e.g. In terms of nutrition, fast food is far from satisfactory.
在营养方面，快餐食品远远不能令人满意。
Milk is a near perfect nutrition.
牛奶是一种近乎完美的营养物。
nutritious adj. full of the natural substances that your body needs to stay healthy or to grow properly有营养的
e.g. It is always important to choose enjoyable, nutritious foods.
选择好吃的、有营养的食品总是很重要的。
Weight loss can be achieved by physical activity and a nutritious diet.
减轻体重可以通过锻炼和营养用餐来实现。
2. reflect vt.
1）If something reflects an attitude or situation, it shows that the attitude or situation exists or it shows what it is like. 反映，表现
e.g. A newspaper report seems to reflect the view of most members of Congress.
报纸的一篇报道似乎反映了国会多数议员的观点。
The letter reflected how she really felt.
这封信表现出了她真实的感受。
2）If a surface reflects light, heat, or sound, it sends back the light etc that reaches it 反射（光、热）；回响（声音）
e.g. The white painted walls reflected the firelight. 白漆的墙壁反射着火光。
In warm weather, we can wear light-coloured clothing to reflect the heat.
在温暖的天气里，我们可以穿浅色的衣服来反射热量。
reflect on/upon sth 认真思考；反省
e.g. I reflect on possible reasons for my failure.
我仔细思考导致我失败的种种原因。
Silence gives us a chance to reflect on what we have said and heard.
安静让我们有机会反省我们所说所闻。
3. taste
1) n. [C] (usually singular) a short experience of something that shows you what it is like taste of 体验；经验；滋味（通常用a taste of）
e.g. Schoolchildren can get a taste of the countryside first-hand. 小学生可以亲身体验农村生活。
This gave him a taste of poverty. 这个让他尝到了贫穷的滋味。
[C, U]the feeling that is produced by a particular food or drink when you put it in your mouth味道，风味
e.g. The medicine had a slightly bitter taste. 这个药有一点点苦味。
I never drink beer; I just don’t like the taste. 我从来不喝啤酒，我不喜欢那个味道。
2）vt.尝，品尝
e.g. She tasted the soup to see if it was too salty. 她尝了一口汤，看是否太咸。
Have you ever tasted horse meat? 你尝过马肉吗？
Para.2
4. as easy as pie: a popular colloquial idiom which is used to describe a task or experience as pleasurable and simple. The idiom does not refer to the making of a pie, but rather to the act of consuming a pie (“as easy as eating a pie”) which is usually a simple and pleasurable experience美国俚语，像吃馅饼一样容易，形容非常容易的，小菜一碟
e.g. Once you get used to it, skiing is as easy as pie. 一旦你习惯了以后，滑雪就很简单了。
We all think studying English is as easy as pie. Do you think so?
我们大家都认为学英语很容易。你这样认为吗？
5. It’s true that Americans do eat those things.
Translation：美国人确实吃这些东西。
Explanation: 1）it放在句首充当形式主语，真正的主语则是后面由that引导的从句。英语中为了避免主语过长，导致句子头重脚轻，常采用这种结构。有时真正的主语也可在句尾采用不定式的形式。（下同第三自然段第一句话）
e.g. It remains a question whether he will come or not. 他会不会来仍然是个问题。
It is necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.
掌握两门外语对年轻人来说是有必要的
2）do在句中起强调的作用。句式：主语+do(dose,did)+谓语……，do放在谓语动词之前。
e.g. I do hope you will stay for supper. 我真的希望你留下了吃晚饭。
He did speak well. 他确实讲得很好。
Para. 3
6. immigrant n. [C] a person who comes to a country where they were not born in order to settle there
（从外国来的）移民
e.g. An immigrant is a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country.
移民指的是永久居住在外国的人。
Nearly a third of foreign-born immigrants in the United States are Mexicans.
美国三分之一的外国出生移民为墨西哥人。
emigrant n. [C] a person who has left their own country to live in another country移居国外者
e.g. He is a British emigrant to Australia. 他是个移居澳大利亚的英国人。
They are emigrant laborers. 他们是移居他国的劳工。
7. ethnic adj. relating to a particular race, nation, or tribe and their customs and traditions种族的，民族的
e.g. The violence was the result of political and ethnic conflicts.
那次暴力是政治与种族冲突的结果。
Ethnic festivals in Guizhou are concentrated in April and May.
贵州的民族节日主要集中在4月和5月。相关词组：
ethnic group 同种同文化之民族
ethnic minority 少数民族
ethnic Chinese 华裔人士
ethnic culture 民族文化；族群文化
8. original
1) n. [C] If something such as a document, a work of art, or a piece of writing is an original, it is not a copy or a later version. 原件; 原著；原版
e.g. Is this a duplicate or the original? 这是副本还是正本？
She wants to read Gone with the Wind in the original. 她想要读《飘》的原著。
2) adj. refers to something that existed at the beginning of a process or activity, or the characteristics that something had when it began or was made最初的；原始的
e.g. The original plan was to go by bus. 起初的计划是乘公交车去。
They settled the land, dispossessing many of its original inhabitants.
他们在此地定居，并逐出了很多原著民。
origin n. [C][U] the beginning, cause, or source of something 起源
e.g. It is said that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Qu Yuan.
传说端午节的起源是为了纪念屈原的灵魂。
The tradition has its origins in the Middle Ages. 这一传统起源于中世纪。
The word is French in origin. 这个词原是法语。
Para 4
9. as with: in common with 正如，与……一样
e.g. As with any technology, not all uses of AI will be for the better.
与任何技术一样，并非人工智能的所有用途都会变得更好。
As with others, you must abide by the rules and regulations here.
与其他人一样，你必须遵守这里的规章制度。
10. distinct adj. clearly different or belonging to a different type 不同的；有区别的
e.g. The results of the survey fell into two distinct groups.
调查结果分为截然不同的两组。
Manhattan is divided into distinct neighborhoods.
曼哈顿分为几个区，风格各异。
distinct from 与……不同
e.g. Distinct from western paintings, Chinese paintings are more abstract.
与西方画作不同，中国画更加抽象。
The final two categories of products are distinct from the first three.
最后两个类别的产品与前三个明显不同。
distinctive adj. having a quality or characteristic that makes sth different and easily noticed 独特的，特别的，有特色的
e.g. The brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent.
这家品牌商店因其独特的香味而出名。
The restaurant’s cuisine is of a distinctive style. 这家饭店的菜肴风格很有特色。
11. region n.[C]
1) a large area of a country or of the world, usually without exact limits地区，行政区域
e.g. The northeast region has been suffering high unemployment.
东北地区一直饱受高失业率之苦。
Snow is expected in mountain regions. 预计山区会下雪。
2) an area or scope of a certain discipline （学科的）领域，范围
e.g. He is a well-known authority in the region of physics.
他是物理领域中的一位著名的权威人士。
This topic is beyond the region of psychology.
这个话题超出了心理学的范围。
in the region of: used to describe an amount of time, money etc without being exact 大概……，大约……
e.g. It will cost in the region of $200. 那东西大概需要200美元。
In the region of 5% of the students took part in the activity.
大概有5%的学生参加了这个活动。
12. boast
1）vt. (not in progressive)be proud in the procession of 以拥有……而自豪（不含轻蔑之义，通常不以人为主语）
e.g. Our school library boasts quite a few rare books. 我们学校图书馆以藏有许多珍本书而自豪。
The town boasts a world-famous art gallery.
这个镇子引以为荣的是有个闻名于世的美术馆。
2）vi. (～ about/of sth.)praise oneself; speak with exaggeration and pride, especially about oneself 自夸，夸言（含轻蔑之义，以人为主语）
e.g. Don’t believe him; he’s just boasting. 别信他,他不过是在吹牛。
He boasts of having got a perfect score on the exam. 他因考试得满分而洋洋得意。
13. country-style cooking 乡村风格的烹饪
n./adj.+style结构可以构成一个形容词，表示 “……风格的”
e.g. a Western-style political system 西方风格的政治体系
1920s-style music 1920年代风格的音乐
14. spicy adj. (spicier, spiciest)
1) (of food) having a strong taste because spices have been used to flavour it 辛辣的，加油香料的
e.g. I’m not keen on spicy food. 我不喜欢加有香料的食物。
Do you like to eat spicy hot pot? 你喜欢吃麻辣火锅吗？
2) (of a criticism,etc)vitriolic; (of speaking,etc)indecent（批评等）尖酸刻薄的；（说话等）下流的
e.g. He likes to tell spicy jokes. 他喜欢说黄色笑话。The comedian specialized in spicy remarks. 那位喜剧家善于使用尖刻的语言。
15. sample
1) vt. to taste food or drink in order to see what it is like; to try a small amount of a product in order to find out what it is like试食，试饮；取……的样品，抽样检查
e.g. You get to sample lots of baked things and take home masses of cookies besides.
你可以试吃许多烘烤食品，此外还能带许多饼干回家。
Here’s your chance to sample our latest product.
这是您试用我们最新产品的机会。
2) n.[C] a small part or amount of something that is examined in order to find out something about the whole样本，标本，试用品；实例
e.g. The doctor took a sample of my blood. 医生取了点我的血样。The salesman showed us samples of red silk. 推销员为我们展示了红色丝绸的样品。
16. delicious adj.
1) very pleasant to taste or smell 美味的，香喷喷的
e.g. There’s always a wide selection of delicious meals to choose from.
总有很多种美味佳肴可供选择。
They serve the most delicious roast beef. 他们做最美味的烤牛肉。
2) extremely pleasant or enjoyable非常悦人的，非常有趣的
e.g. The painting is a delicious color combination. 这幅画是一个赏心悦目的色彩组合。
He waited in delicious anticipation. 他怀着美好的期待等待着。
17. cruise vi. to sail along slowly, especially for pleasure; to move at a steady speed in a car, ship,aircraft etc乘船游览；（车、船、飞机）巡航，巡游
e.g. We were cruising in the Caribbean all winter. 我们整个冬天都在加勒比海巡游。
They cruised up and down the coast road. 他们在海岸公路上巡游。
n.[C] a journey by boat for pleasure乘船游览，坐船巡游
e.g. I’ve always wanted to go on a cruise. 我一直想去乘船旅游。
The cruise was advertised as the “journey of a lifetime”.
这次航行被宣传为“终生难得的旅行”。
18. treat n. [C]
1）a special food that tastes good, especially one that you do not eat very often尝起来不错的特色美食，尤指不经常吃的食物
e.g. The cafe serves all kinds of gourmet treats. 这家咖啡馆供应各种各样的美食。
What good treats are there on the island? 岛上有什么美食？
2）If you give someone a treat, you buy or arrange something special for them which they will enjoy.款待，请客
e.g. Let me take you to dinner. My treat. 让我带你去吃饭吧。我请客。
Uncle took us to the movie as a treat. 叔叔请我们去看电影。
vt. to buy or do something special for someone that you know they will enjoy; to behave towards someone or something in a particular way; to try to cure an illness or injury by using drugs, hospital care, operations etc款待，宴请；对待；治疗
e.g. I treated Mom to lunch at Beijing Hotel. 我请妈妈去北京饭店吃午饭。
She treats me like one of the family. 她待我就像家人一样。
It was difficult to treat patients because of a shortage of medicine.
由于缺乏药品，治疗病人很困难。
treat sth. as sth. to deal with, regard, or consider something in a particular way把……看作是……
e.g. She treats everything I say as a joke. 她把我说的每句话都当作笑话。
My parents always treat me as a child. 我的父母总把我当孩子对待。
19. gourmet adj. (only before noun) producing or relating to very good food and drink 美味的；（菜肴）精美的
e.g. Macaron is considered one of French gourmet foods.
马卡龙被认为是法国美食之一。
The couple share a love of gourmet cooking. 这对夫妇都有烹饪美食的爱好。
Para 5
20. Americans living at a fast pace often just “grab a quick bite”.
Translation：生活在快速步调之下的美国人通常只能“很快地吃几口”。
Explanation:
1) living at a fast pace现在分词短语作后置定语放在被修饰的名词Americans之后，两者之间是主动的关系。
e.g. The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor’s father.
正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
The man driving the lorry was drunk.
驾驶货车的那个人喝醉了酒。
2) at a pace 以……步伐; 以……速度
e.g. There is no need to walk at a fast pace. Enjoy the moment.
不用走得很快，享受这一时刻。
Social media continues to grow at a fast pace. 社交媒体继续快速增长。
3) grab a quick bite 匆匆吞下；很快地吃几口
e.g. I skipped lunch today, so I need to grab a quick bite.
我今天没吃午饭，所以我得赶紧去吃点东西。
So I usually run into McDonald or KFC to grab a quick bite and then drag myself home to get some sleep. 因此我经常都会去麦当劳或者肯德基来顿快餐，然后拖着疲惫的身体睡觉。
21. fit
1）vt.＆vi. If something fits, it is the right size and shape to go onto a person’s body or onto a particular object. 对……符合，适合，适宜
e.g. This jacket fits me well. 这件夹克蛮合我身的。
The key doesn’t fit the lock. 这把钥匙打不开这把锁。
2）adj. suitable or good enough for something [OPP] unfit适合的，得当的
be fit for适合（于），对……合适；胜任
e.g. This kind of mushroom is not fit for human consumption. 这种蘑菇不适合人类食用。
What kind of job is he fit for? 他适合什么样的工作？
be fit to do sth. 适合做某事
e.g. It is not fit for you to talk like that. 你那样说很不得当。
He is not fit to govern this country. 他不适合治理这个国家。
22. two slices of bread 两片面包不可数名词没有复数形式，如果要表示不可数名词的数量，通常用“数词+单位名词+of+不可数名词”结构表示。当前面的数词大于一时，后面的单位名词用复数。
e.g. a piece of paper 一张纸 five pieces of paper 五张纸
a slice of pizza 一片比萨饼 two slices of pizza 两片比萨饼
Para 6
23. on the go adj. (of a person) very busy and active 忙个不停，四处奔走
e.g. I’ve been on the go all day. 我一整天忙得马不停蹄。
Having four children keeps her on the go. 她那四个孩子把她忙得不可开交。
24. goody n.[C] something that is nice to eat (usu pl goodies) 好吃的东西 (非正式）
e.g. We bought lots of goodies for the picnic. 我们为野餐买了许多好吃的东西。
They sat down and shared the basket of goodies. 他们坐下来开始分享一篮子的好东西。
25. additive n.[C] a substance that is added to food to improve its taste, appearance etc 添加剂
e.g. Food additive can cause allergies. 食品添加剂可能引起过敏。
Our products are free from artificial additives. 我们的产品不含人工添加剂。
Para 7
26. illustration n.
1）[C] an example or a story that is used to make a point; a picture or diagram in a book, article etc,especially one that helps you to understand it例，实例；插图，图表，图示
e.g. The doctor gave an illustration of the dangers of smoking. 医生举例说明了抽烟的危害。
The statistics are a clear illustration of the point I am trying to make.
这组统计数字清楚地阐明了我要陈述的观点。
Children like books full of illustrations. 小孩子喜欢布满插图的书。
2）[U] an act or process of illustrating something（借图表的）说明，解说，例证
e.g. The text is accompanied by illustration. 正文附有解说。
Illustration is useful for children. 图表说明对孩子们很有助益。
illustrate vt.
1) to make the meaning of something clearer by giving examples 表明，显示
e.g. Let me give an example to illustrate the point. 让我举个例子来说明这一点。
She illustrated her discussion with diagrams. 她用图表说明她的讨论。
2) to be an example which shows that something is true or that a fact exists （用例子）阐明
e.g. The following examples illustrate how this operates in practice.
下面的例子说明了这在实践中是如何运作的。
This illustrates a fundamental weakness in the system.
这说明了该体系的一个根本性弱点。
3) to put pictures in a book, article etc. 给(书、文章等)加插图
e.g. Over a hundred diagrams, tables and pictures illustrate the book.
本书配有一百多张图表、表格和图片。
She went on to art school and is now illustrating a book.
她接着上了美术学校，现在正在给一本书画插图。
27. represent vt. to officially speak or take action for another person or group of people；sign or
symbol represents something, it is accepted as meaning that thing代表；象征
e.g. Mr Carl was chosen to represent the company at the conference.
卡尔先生被选为公司代表出席会议。
Brown areas represent deserts on the map. 棕色区域在地图上象征沙漠。
representative
1）adj. typical of a particular group or thing 典型的，具有代表性的
e.g. His representative works include Moment in Peking, A Leaf in the Storm, The Vermillion Gate,
etc. 他的代表作有《京华烟云》、《风声鹤唳》、《朱门》等。
This pattern of woods and fields is the representative English landscape.
这是具有典型英格兰风景特征的森林与田野。
2）n.[C] someone who has been chosen to speak, vote, or make decisions for someone else代表者，代理人
e.g. He was the Queen’s representative at the ceremony. 他代表女王出席了庆典。
I’m an English representative of the class. 我现在在班上担任英语课代表。
representation n.[U] the act of representing someone or something代表
e.g. In the foreground of the picture the artist has placed the figure of John Bull, in representation of
British. 在画前景部分画家画了约翰牛的形象，以代表英国。Each state receives equal right of representation in the U.S. Senate.
每个州在美国参议院享有平等的代表权。
28. a range of 一系列
e.g. Guests at the health spa receive a range of beauty treatments.
客人在健身中心享受一系列的美容服务。
He owns a factory producing a range of textiles.
他拥有一家工厂，生产一系列纺织品。
a wide range of 多种多样的，大范围的
e.g. The article covered a wide range of topics. 这篇文章讨论了许多各种不同的论题。There is a wide range of choices open to you. 你有很大范围的选择余地。
29.The variety of foods enjoyed in the U.S. reflects the variety of personal tastes.
Translation：在美国可享受到的各式食物正反映出个人品味的多样化。
Explanation: enjoyed过去分词作后置定语放在被修饰名词短语The variety of foods之后，两者之间是被动的关系。
e.g. This article written in a hurry was not so good. 匆忙写下的这篇文章并不太好。Most of the people questioned were students. 大多数被询问的人都是学生。
30. in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
e.g. There’s no point complaining now—we’re leaving tomorrow in any case.
现在抱怨毫无意义，不管怎样我们明天都要离开
In any case, you must arrive there on time.
无论如何，你必须按时到达那里。
参考译文
美式食物
“你吃什么就成为什么样子。”营养专家经常使用这句话来倡导更好的饮食习惯。我们所吃的反映出我们自己－－不论就人或文化而言。了解美国食物可以让我们对美国文化有一个真实的感受。
何谓“美式食物”？乍听之下你可能认为答案容易得很。对许多人而言，美式食物就是汉堡、热狗、炸鸡和披萨。美国人确实吃这些东西，但是在美国只能找到这样的食物吗？
除了感恩节火鸡以外，挺难找到典型的美国食物。美国是个移民之地。当人们移居美国，他们也将自己的烹调带了进来。那也就是为什么在美国你几乎可以看到所有不同民族的食物。美国人喜爱意大利的披萨，墨西哥的玉米饼和中国的春卷，但是这些东西的美国版尝起来却不很地道！
和许多大国一样，美国有数个截然不同的地区，每个地区都以自己特有的食物夸口。走访美国南部享受乡村风格的烹调；到路易斯安那州品尝辛辣的凯郡式料理；走一趟新英格兰试尝它美味的海鲜；再到中西部“美国的面包之乡”品尝可口的烘焙食品；乘船游览至西南部尝试一些好吃的墨式德州小吃，最后到太平洋西北岸，啜饮美美味的咖啡，作为美食之旅的句点。
生活在快速步调之下的美国人通常只能“很快地吃几口”。快餐店为匆忙的人们提供各种食物，从炸鸡到炒饭，应有尽有。当然，最常见的一种美式快餐就是三明治。任何能夹在两片土司中间的东西，美国人都能用它做成一份三明治。
忙碌的美国人也热衷于吃像薯片、糖果、汽水等这类的“垃圾食品”。许多人吃了太多这类不健康的零嘴，但是其他人则选择较健康的饮食习惯，有些人甚至选择“全天然”的食物，他们拒绝吃任何有化学制品或添加物的食物。
美国文化是“你吃什么就成为什么样子”这句话的很好写照。美国人反映出了广泛的背景和思维方式。在美国可享受到的各式食物正是个人品味的多样化的体现。这食物可能是国际性也可能是地区性的；有时是快餐，有时也不见得；它可能是垃圾食物，也可能是天然食品。然而无论如何，它们都是美式的。
☛ Fill in each blank with one word according to the passage you have just read.
Reading Activity 2 Read and Think Critically
（略）
After-reading Activity 1 Develop Your Vocabulary
☛ Complete each sentence with the proper form of the word given in brackets.
1. Fresh fruit and vegetables are nutritious (nutrition).
2. Their thoughts are/were reflected (reflect) in their actions.
3. The most distinctive (distinct) feature of the building is its enormous dome-shaped roof.
4. Our town boasts (boast) a fine gallery.
5. He thanked me for my help by treating (treat) me for dinner.
6. This music fits (fit) my current mood very well.
7. Too many goodies (goody) will make you sick.
8. Some Japanese words are Chinese in origin (original).
9. In his talk he used graphs to illustrate (illustration) the result of the experiments.
10. For the boy, his father is the representation (represent) of power.
After-reading Activity 2 Know More Expressions
☛ Tell the meaning of each expression after the given example.
e.g. country-style cooking 乡村风格的烹饪
Chinese-style architecture 中国风格的建筑
European-style clothing 欧洲风格的服装
Western-style wedding 西方风格的婚礼
e.g. at a fast pace 以快速的步伐
at a lazy pace 以懒散的步伐
at a slow pace 以缓慢的步伐
at a light pace 以轻快的步伐
e.g. two slices of bread 两片面包
two slices of turkey 两片火鸡肉
two slices of ham 两片火腿
two slices of cucumber 两片黄瓜
e.g. a wide range of backgrounds 各种不同的背景
a wide range of influences 各种不同的影响
a wide range of applications 各种不同的应用
a wide range of learning 多种多样的学习
e.g. in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
do your best in any case 不管怎样都要尽全力
have a try in any case 无论如何都要试一试
check it in any case 无论如何都要核查一下
After-reading Activity 3 Listen and Write
☛ Listen to the following sentences and fill in the missing letters of each word. Check whether you really understand their meanings and can spell them correctly.
1. The wine from this reg i o n（地区）is rich and fruity.
2. I’ve never eaten kiwi fruit--what does it tast e（尝）like?
3. Xinjiang is a multi-et hnic(民族的) region.
4. I sa mpled（试食）the cake and found it delicious.
5. There are many European immigr a n ts (移民) in America.
6. Pizza is considered one of Italian go u rme t（美味的）food.
7. Thai food is hot and spicy (辛辣的).
8. They cr u ised（乘船游览）down the Nile.
9. These potato chips contain no additi v es（添加剂).
10. What a delici o u s（美味的）meal!