Task 1 Learn Some Grammar Before Writing
Activity 1 Challenge Yourself
1. I quickly get dressed but not shave, and then go straight to my desk in my home office.（get, shave,go 都是一般现在时。）
2. If you nail that first hour, the rest of the day will tend to fall in line.（时间状语从句，从句中的谓语动词nail是一般现在时表示一般将来时，主句动词will tend是一般将来时。）
3. They spent three minutes each day looking into the light over a period of two weeks.（spent是spend的一般过去式。）
Activity 2 Practice Your Learning
时态（一）补充内容
1. 一般现在时的其他用法
1）转述别人不久前对自己说过的话，尤其是所说的情况现在仍然存在。
I hear need a secretary.
The doctor says it’s nothing to worry about.
2）讨论书本、电影等的内容。
He plays the central character in the film.
The Bible says love of money is the root of all evil.
3）现场报道或表演，技术操作等的解说。
Owen shoots, but the ball hits the post.
Look, I take this card from the pack and place under the handkerchief.
4）在某些以here，there开头的句子中，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。
Look, here comes your sister.
There goes the last bus.
5）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后面的分句中用一般现在时表示将来时间。
I hope they have a nice time next week.
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.
2. 一般过去时的其他用法
1）表示主语过去的特征或性格。
At that time she was very good at English.
He was a college student 3 years ago.
2）用于虚拟语气中，使用一般过去式来表达对现在的情况的虚拟。
If I were you, I would follow the doctor’s advice.
It is high time that we did something to save the poor dog.
3）有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。
I didn’t know you were in Beijing. 我不知道你在北京。
（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在北京了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are in Beijing.）
I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。
（这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病。）
3. 一般将来时的其他用法
1）will，be going to都可以表示“预料”要发生的事情。
在有迹象表明的情况下的预料用be going to
Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain.
My God! We are going to crash.
在没有迹象表明的情况下进行的猜测用will，be going to皆可。
I think the weather will be nice.
I think the weather is going to be nice.
2）当动词表示内心活动时，表示猜测的句子必须用will。
I think she will like the cake I made for her.
I am sure we will win the competition.
☛ Choose the best answers.
( B ) 1. Shanghai______ in the east of China.
A. lie B. lies C. lied D. will lie
答案解析：上海位于中国东方，是客观事实，所以用一般现在时。
( A ) 2. The Chinese embassy didn’t directly solve my problem, but I feel thankful that it _____ me some advice at least.
A. offered B. offers C. will offer D.would offered
答案解析：从前半句的谓语动词didn’t solve可以判断出是一般过去时，中国大使馆没有直接解决我的问题，但是至少给我提供了建议。
( C ) 3. He________ to us as soon as he gets there.
A. writes B. wrote C. will write D. has written
答案解析：as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示一般将来，主句用一般将来时。
( B ) 4. The twins______in Dalian last year. They_____here now．
A. are; were B. were; are C. was; are D. were; was
答案解析：前一句指去年的状态，谓语动词用were, 后一句是现在状态，用are。
( A ) 5. He_______in the bank four years ago.
A. worked B. works C. has worked D. would work
答案解析：从时间状语four years ago可以看出此题应该用一般过去时。
( C ) 6. Spring ______winter.
A. will follow B. follow C. follows D. followed
答案解析：冬天过后就是春天。是普遍真理，用一般现在时。
( A ) 7. If our marketing plan succeeds, we __________ the sales by thirty percent next year.
A. will increase B. would increase C. increase D. increased
答案解析：条件状语从句，表示对将来的假设，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。句意：如果营销计划成功，明年我们的销量将增长30%。
( C ) 8. Jenny_______ English very well.
A. spoke B. speak C. speaks D. will speak
答案解析：珍妮英语讲得很好，表示一种能力，用一般现在时，主语是单数第三人称，谓语用单三式。
( B ) 9. I______a letter once a week to my family when I was in my first college year.
A. write B. wrote C. have written D. would write
答案解析：从when引导的时间状语从句可以看出“当我大学一年级时”，是过去时，所以主句也用一般过去时。
( D ) 10. —Great changes have taken place in our hometown over the past years.
—Yeah. Things ______different when we were young.
A. have been B.are C. will be D.were
答案解析：----在过去的几年里，我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。----是的，我们年轻时情况不同。从when we were young可以判断此句用一般过去时。
( D ) 11.He_____very busy this week, but he _____free next week.
B. will be; is B.is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be
答案解析：从this week，next week可以看出前者是现在的状态，后者是将来的状态。
( C ) 12. Jessica had intended to go bungee jumping, but on second thought, she_____the plan.
A. was canceling B.cancels C. canceled D. has canceled
答案解析：由谓语动词 had intended to 可以看出Jessica本来打算去蹦极，使用了过去完成时，经过再三考虑，她取消了这项计划。通常过去完成时对应的时态是一般过去时．
( B )1 3. We will go shopping if it______tomorrow.
A. rains B. doesn’t rain C. will rain D. won’t rain
答案解析：条件状语从句，表示对将来的假设，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。句意：如果明天不下雨，我们将去购物。
( D )14. There _______a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be
答案解析： 时间状语tomorrow evening可以判断出此题用一般将来时，There is going to be 是there be 的一般将来时形式。
( B ) 15. —The plane is leaving right now, but Tom hasn’t arrived yet.
—Well, he said he______ here on time. I don’t know what happened.
A. came B. would come C. can come D. will be
答案解析：从谓语动词said可以看出是表示从过去某一时间点而言将要发生的动作，用一般过去将来时。
( D ) 16. —When____again?
—When he_____ , I’ll let you know.
A. he comes; come B. will he come; will come
C. he comes; will come D. will he come; comes
答案解析：问句：他什么时候会再来？句意表示将来发生的事情，特殊疑问句直接用一般将来时。答句：他来了我将让你知道。when引导的时间状语从句，句意也表示将来发生的事情，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。
( B ) 17. What did you do ________ ? I went to the movies.
A. next morning B. last weekend C. every day D. next Monday
答案解析：根据题意需要与表示过去的时间状语连用。
( B ) 18. Jenny _____in an office, and her parents_____in a hospital.
A. work; works B. works; work C. work; are working D. is working; work
答案解析：两个分句都表示经常性的状态，第三人称单数的谓语动词要用单三式, 后面是复数，用动词原形。
( B ) 19. —What do you think of the Great Wall of China?
—Splendid! When I was in Beijing, I_____it twice.
A. had visited B. visited C. have visited D. would visit
答案解析：从when 引导的时间状语从句可以看出是发生在过去的动作，所以用一般过去时。
( D ) 20. —What do you do, Susan?
—I am a clerk in a foreign company now. But I______English in a high school 3 years ago.
A. teach B. had taught C. have taught D. taught
答案解析：从时间状语3 years ago可以看出三年前我在一所高中教书，所以用一般过去时。
Activity 3 Check Your Learning
☛ Choose the best answers.
( B ) 1. I went to Ningxia and_______ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.
A. stay B. stayed C. have stayed D. will stay
答案解析：从and 前的谓语动词went to可以判断出此题用一般过去时。
( D ) 2. We often_______ in the playground.
A. playing B. plays C. played D. play
答案解析：时间状语often 说明是习惯性动作，所以用一般现在时。如果题中有表示过去的时间状语，就需要使用一般过去时。
( B ) 3. The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound.
A. traveled B. travels C. will travel D. would travel
答案解析：光的传播速度比声音快。是普遍真理，用一般现在时，在从句中不受主句时态的影响。
( C ) 4. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _______ with success in the end.
A. reward B.are rewarded C. will be rewarded D. have rewarded
答案解析：根据句意可知，回报是将来要发生的事情，应该用一般将来时；efforts和reward是被动关系，应该使用被动语态。
( D ) 5. He went to the room and _____ the door.
A. lock B. locking C. locks D. locked
答案解析：and前后动词保持一致，表示连续性动作。