1.机构学

1.机构学

(1)一般名词

机械工程 mechanical engineering

机构学 theory of mechanisms

机器 machine

机构 mechanism

机械 machinery

机械系统 mechanical system

[机械]零件 machine element,machine part

部件 assembly unit,subassembly

构件 link

刚性构件 rigid link

弹性构件 elastic link

挠性构件 flexible link

固定构件 fixed link,ground link frame

运动构件 moving link

输入构件 input link

输出构件 output link

主动件 driving link

从动件 driven link

构件的自由度 degree of freedom of link

运动副 kinematic pair

转动副 revolving pair,revolving joint

铰链连接 hinge,pilot pin joint

复合铰链 compound hinges,multiple hin-ges,compound rotating joints

圆柱副 cylindrical pair

球面副 spherical pair

球销副 sphere-pin pair

球槽副 sphere-trough pair

螺旋副 helical pair,screw pair

平面副 planar contact pair,sandwich pair

低副 lower pair

高副 higher pair

运动链 kinematic chain

闭式运动链 closed kinematic chain

开式运动链 open kinematic chain,mobile kinematic chain

树状运动链 tree-like kinematic chain

阿苏尔杆组 Assur group

平面机构 planar mechanism

空间机构 spatial mechanism

球面机构 spherical mechanism

低副机构 lower pair mechanism

高副机构 higher pair mechanism

单环机构 single-loop mechanism

多环机构 multi-loop mechanism

单自由度机构 mechanism with single degree of freedom

多自由度机构 mechanism with multiple de-grees of freedom

局部自由度 local degree of freedom,redun-dant degree of freedom

公共约束 general constraint

虚约束 redundant constraint,passive con-straint

机构的结构 structure of mechanism

机构简图 schematic diagram of mechanism

机构运动简图 kinematic diagram of mecha-nism

机构分析 analysis of mechanism

机构结构公式 structural formula of mecha-nism

替代机构 substitutive mechanism

机构综合 synthesis of mechanism

液压机构 hydraulic mechanism

气动机构 pneumatic machanism

仿生机构 bio-mechanism

(2)机构运动学

机构运动学 kinematics of mechanism

机构运动学分析 kinematic analysis of mech-anism

机构运动学综合 kinematic synthesis ofmechanism

构件的速比 velocity ratio of link

机构传动比 transmission ratio

相对速度瞬心 instantaneous center of rela-tive velocity

绝对速度瞬心 instantaneous centre of abso-lute velocity

速度瞬心 instantaneous center of velocity

三心定理 Kennedy-Aronhold theorem

极点速度 pole velocity

瞬心线 centrode

定瞬心线 fixed centrode

动瞬心线 moving centrode

加速度瞬心 instantaneous center of accelera-tion

法向圆 Bresse normal circle alternating circle

切向圆 tangent circle,inflection circle

拐点中心 inflection center

拐点 inflection point

环点 circling point

环点曲线 circling point curve

枢点 center point

枢点曲线 center-point curve,pivot point curve

鲍尔点 Ball’s point

欧拉-萨弗里公式 Euler-Savery equation

平面旋转矩阵 planar rotation matrix

轴旋转矩阵 axis rotation matrix

欧拉角 Euler angles

欧拉旋转矩阵 Euler rotation matrix

位移矩阵 displacement matrix

螺旋轴 screw axis

瞬时螺旋轴 instantaneous screw axis

螺旋位移矩阵 screw displacement matrix

瞬轴面 axode

定瞬轴面 fixed axode

动瞬轴面 moving axode

线矢量 line vector

旋量 screw

(3)机构动力学

机械动力学 dynamics of machinery

扰动力 perturbed force

驱动力 driving force

工作阻力 effective resistance

有害阻力 detrimental resistance

静载荷 static load

动载荷 dynamic load

离心力 centrifugal force

向心力 centripetal force

作用力 active force,applied force

反作用力 reaction

动反力 dynamical reaction

等效力 equivalent force

冲力 impulsive force

冲量 impulse

确定力 deterministic force

随机力 stochastic force

力矩 moment

力偶 couple

力偶矩 moment of couple

力臂 arm of force,moment arm

扰动力矩 perturbed moment

驱动力矩 driving moment

启动力矩 starting moment

工作阻力矩 effective resistance moment

惯性力偶矩 inertia couple

等效力矩 equivalent moment

平衡力矩 equilibrant moment

振动力矩 shaking moment

力平衡 equilibrium

转矩 torsional moment,torque

输入转矩 input torque

输出转矩 output torque

力旋量 wrench

等效力系 equivalent force system

平行力系 parallel force system

力多边形 force polygon

速度多边形杠杆法 velocity polygon lever method

自锁 self locking

自锁条件 condition of self locking

碰撞 impact

碰撞力 impact force

弹性碰撞 elastic impact

非弹性碰撞 inelastic impact

微元功 elementary work

单摆 simple pendulum

复摆 compound pendulum

等效构件 equivalent link

等效质量 equivalent mass

转动惯量 moment of inertia

极转动惯量 polar moment of inertia

惯性积 product of inertia

惯性主轴 principal axis of inertia

主转动惯量 principal moment of inertia

惯性张量 inertia tensor

等效转动惯量 equivalent moment of inertia

回转半径 radius of gyration

效率 efficinecy

机械的瞬时效率 instantaneous efficiency of machinery

机械的循环效率 cyclic efficiency of machinery

机械效益 mechanical advantage(https://www.daowen.com)

周期性速度波动 periodic speed fluctuation

非周期性速度波动 aperiodic speed fluctuation

飞轮 flywheel

飞轮矩 moment of flywheel

盈亏功 increment of decrement of work

调速器 governor,speed regulator

离心调速器 centrifugal governor

机构的平衡 balance of mechanism

转子的静平衡 static balance of rotor

转子的动平衡 dynamic balance of rotor

机械的平衡 balance of machinery

平衡质量 balancing mass

平衡转速 balancing speed

质径积 mass-radius product

固定支承 fixed support

可动支承 movable support

弹性支承 elastic support

弹性动力学分析 elastodynamic analysis

运动弹性动力学 kineto-elastody-namics

运动弹性动力学分析 kineto-elas-todynamic analysis

运动弹性动力学综合 kineto-elas-todynamic synthesis

几何约束 geometric constraint

微分约束 differential constraint

[机构动力学]连续系统 continuous system

[机构动力学]离散系统 discrete system

变质量系统 variable mass system

(4)连杆机构

连杆机构 linkage mechanism

杆 bar,link

连架杆 side link

曲柄 crank

摇杆 rocker

连杆 coupler,floating link

滑块 slider

导杆 guide bar,guide link

导块 guide block

平面连杆机构 planar linkage mechanism

空间连杆机构 spatial linkage mechanism

低副运动链 linkage

四杆运动链 four-bar linkage

四杆机构 four-bar mechanism

平面铰链四杆机构 planar pivot four-bar mechanism

球面铰链四杆机构 spherical pivot four-bar mechanism

曲柄摇杆机构 crank-rocker mechanism

双摇杆机构 double-rocker mechanism

双曲柄机构 double-crank mechanism

平行四边形机构 parallel-crank mechanism

逆平行四边形机构 antiparallelcrank mecha-nism

曲柄滑块机构 slider-crank mechanism

对心曲柄滑块机构 centric slidercrank mech-anism

偏置曲柄滑块机构 offset slidercrank mecha-nism

摇杆滑块机构 slider-rocker mechanism

双滑块机构 double-slider mechanism

导杆机构 guide-bar mechanism

曲柄摆动导杆机构 crank and swing guide-bar mechanims, crank and oscillating guide-bar mechanism

曲柄转动导杆机构 crank and rotating guide-bar mechanism

曲柄移动导杆机构 crank and translatingguide-bar mechanism,scotch-yoke mechanism

摆动导杆滑块机构 silder and swing guide-bar mechanism

双导杆机构 double guide-bar mechanism

偏心轮机构 eccentric mechanism

肘杆机构 toggle mechanism

急回运动机构 quick-return mechanism

间歇运动连杆机构 dwell linkage mechanism

可调连杆机构 adjustable linkage mechanism

同源机构 cognate mechanism

直线机构 straight-line mechanism

正确直线机构 exact straight-line mechanism

近似直线机构 approximate straight-line mechanism

行程 travel

行程速度变化系数 coefficinet of travel speed variation,advance-to-return-time ratio

极位夹角 crank angle between two limit posi-tions

曲柄存在条件 Grashof’S criterion

(5)凸轮机构

凸轮 cam

凸轮机构 cam mechanism

凸轮轴 camshaft

平面凸轮机构 planar cam mechanism

空间凸轮机构 spatial cam mechanism,three-dimensional cam mechanism

盘形凸轮 plate cam,disk cam

移动凸轮 translating cam

固定凸轮 stationary cam

圆柱凸轮 cylindrical cam,drum cam

端面凸轮 end cam,face cam

圆锥凸轮 conical cam

凹弧面凸轮 concave globoid cam

凸弧面凸轮 convex globoid cam

球面凸轮 spherical cam

圆弧凸轮 circular arc cam

圆弧-直线凸轮 tangent cam

力封闭的凸轮机构 force-closed cam mecha-nism

形封闭的凸轮机构 form-closed cam necha-nism

等宽凸轮 yoke radial cam with flat-faced fol-lower,onstant-breadth cam

等径凸轮 yoke radial cam with roller follo-wer,onstant-diameter cam

沟槽凸轮 groove cam

共轭凸轮 conjugate cam

确动凸轮 positive-return cam

圆柱分度凸轮机构 cylindrical indexing cam mechanism

弧面分度凸轮机构 globoid indexing cam mechanism,mechanism Ferguson cam mechanism

反凸轮机构 inverse cam mechanism

凸轮从动件 cam follower

直动从动件 translating follower

对心直动从动件 radial translating follower

偏置直动从动件 offset translating follower

摆动从动件 oscillating follower

凸轮工作轮廓 cam contous,cam profile

凸轮理论轮廓 cam pitch curve

凸轮理论轮廓基圆 base circle of cam pitch curve,prime circle

凸轮工作轮廓基圆 base circle of cam con-tour

推程 rise travel

回程 return travel

推程运动角 motion angle for rise travel

回程运动角 motion angle for return travel

近休止角 nearest dwell angle

远休止角 farthest dwell angle

无停歇运动 non-dwell motion,rise-return-rise motion

单停歇运动 one-dwell motion

升-停-回运动 rise-dwell-return motion

升-回-停运动 rise-return-dwell motion

双停歇运动 two-dwell motion,rise-dwell-re-turn-dwell motion

基本运动轨迹 basic motion curve

组合运动轨迹 combined motion curve

对称运动轨迹 symmetrical motion curve

非对称运动轨迹 unsymmetrical motion curve

等速运动轨迹 constant velocity motion curve

余弦加速度运动轨迹 cosine acceleration motion curve

正弦加速度运动轨迹 sine acceleration mo-tion curve

等加速等减速运动轨迹 constant accelera-tion and deceleration motion curve

多项式运动轨迹 polynomial motion curve

改进等速运动轨迹 modified constant veloci-ty motion curve

改进正弦加速度运动轨迹 modified sine ac-celeration motion curve

刚性冲击 rigid impact,rigid shock

柔性冲击 soft impact,soft shock

跨越 crossover

跨越冲击 crossover impact,crossover shock

动力多项式凸轮 polydyne cam

位移响应 displacement response

(6)其他机构

螺旋机构 screw mechanism

复式螺旋机构 compound screw mechanism

差动螺旋机构 differential screw mechanism

瞬心线机构 centrode mechanism

包络线机构 envelope mechanism

楔块机构 wedge mechanism

自锁机构 self-locking mechanism

间歇运动机构 intermittent mechanism

步进运动机构 step mechanism

不完全齿轮机构 incomplete gear mechanism

非圆齿轮机构 non-circular gear mechanism

槽轮 geneva wheel

槽轮机构 geneva mechanism,maltese mech-anism

棘爪 pawl

棘轮 ratchet

棘轮机构 ratchet mechanism

掣子 latch

挡块 stop

擒纵机构 escapement

差动机构 differential mechanism