9.机械零件
（1）紧固件
1）一般名词
紧固件 fastener
机械联接 machinery joining
动联接 movable connection
静联接 fixed connection
过盈联接 interference fit connection
胀接 expanded-connecting
螺纹联接 screwed joint
键联接 key joint
型面联接 profile shaft connection
销联接 pinned joint
铆钉联接 riveted joint，riveting
2）螺纹
螺旋线 helix
螺纹 screw thread
圆柱螺纹 parallel screw thread
圆锥螺纹 taper screw thread
外螺纹 external thread
内螺纹 internal thread
螺纹副 screw thread pair
单线螺纹 single-start thread
多线螺纹 multi-start thread
右旋螺纹 right-hand thread
左旋螺纹 left-hand thread
完整螺纹 complete thread
不完整螺纹 incomplete thread
螺尾 washout thread
有效螺纹 useful thread
自攻螺纹 tapping screw thread
木螺钉螺纹 wood screw thread
螺纹牙型 form of thread
原始三角形 fundamental triangle
基本牙型 basic profile
设计牙型 design profile
牙顶 crest
牙底 root
牙侧 flank
牙顶高 addendum
牙底高 dedendum
牙型高度 thread height
牙型角 thread angle
牙型半角 half of thread angle
牙侧角 flank angle
牙顶圆弧半径 radius of rounded crest
牙底圆弧半径 radius of rounded root
公称直径 nominal diameter
[螺纹]大径 major diameter
[螺纹]小径 minor diameter
[螺纹]顶径 crest diameter
[螺纹]底径 root diameter
[螺纹]中径 pitch diameter
[螺纹]基准直径 gauge diameter
螺纹轴线 axis of thread
中径线 pitch line
螺距 pitch
[螺纹]导程 lead
螺纹升角 lead angle
螺纹牙厚 thread ridge thickness
螺纹槽宽 thread groove width
大径间隙 major clearance
小径间隙 minor clearance
螺纹旋合长度 length of thread engagement
螺纹接触高度 thread contact height
旋紧余量 wrenching allowance
[螺纹]行程 stroke
螺纹精度 tolerance quality
螺距偏差 deviation in pitch
螺距累积误差 cumulative error in pitch
导程偏差 deviation in lead
导程累积误差 cumulative error in lead
牙侧角偏差 deviation of flank angle
行程偏差 deviation of stroke
3）螺栓、螺柱
螺栓 bolt
双头螺柱 stud
U形螺栓 stirrup bolt，U-bolt
扁圆头固定螺栓 mushroom head anchor bolt
平头固定螺栓 flat head anchor bolt
带用螺栓 belting bolt
卡箍螺栓 clip bolt
六角头螺栓 hexagon bolt
六角头凸缘螺栓 hexagon bolt with collar
六角头法兰面螺栓 hexagon bolt with flange
六角头盖形螺栓 acorn hexagon head bolt
八角头螺栓 octagon bolt
十二角头法兰面螺栓 12 point flange screw，bihexagonal head screw
弹性螺栓 spring bolt
活节螺栓 eye bolt
地脚螺栓 foundation bolt
T形螺栓 T-head bolt，hammer head bolt
圆头带榫螺栓 cup nib bolt
沉头带榫螺栓 flat countersunk nib bolt
带退刀槽的螺柱 stud with undercut[groove]
腰状杆螺柱 waisted stud
全螺纹螺柱 stud bolt
焊接螺柱 welded stud
4）螺钉
螺钉 screw
紧定螺钉 set screw
自攻螺钉 tapping screw
自切螺钉 thread cutting screw
翼形螺钉 wing screw
凸缘螺钉 collar screw
轴位螺钉 shoulder screw
吊环螺钉 lifting eye bolt
滚花高头螺钉 knurled thumb screw
平片头螺钉 flat leaf screw
旋棒螺钉 tommy screw
T形槽螺钉 T-slot screw
面板螺钉 cover screw
无头螺钉 headless screw
方头螺钉 square head screw
方头凸缘螺钉 square head screw with collar
锻槽沉头螺钉 countersunk head screw withforged slot
开槽无头倒角端螺钉 slotted headless screw with flat chamfered end
开槽圆柱头螺钉 slotted cheese head screw
开槽盘头螺钉 slotted pan head screw
开槽沉头螺钉 slotted countersunk flat head screw
开槽半沉头螺钉 slotted raised countersunk oval head screw
开槽带孔球面柱头螺钉 slotted capstan screw
开槽圆头螺钉 slotted round head screw
开槽盘头自攻螺钉 slotted pan head tapping screw
开槽沉头强攻螺钉 slotted countersunk flat head drive screw
开槽圆柱头自切螺钉 slotted cheese head thread cutting screw
六角头自攻螺钉 hexagon head tapping screw
六角头自切螺钉 hexagon head thread cutting screw
内六角无头凹端螺钉 hexagon socket head-less screw with cup point
内六角圆柱头螺钉 hexagon socket head cap screw
内六角沉头螺钉 hexagon socket countersunk flat cap head screw
十字槽盘头螺钉 cross recessed pan head screw
十字槽沉头螺钉 cross recessed countersunk flat head screw
十字槽半沉头螺钉 cross recessed raised countersunk oval head screw
十字槽盘头自切螺钉 cross recessed pan head thread cutting screw
木螺钉 wood screw
六角头木螺钉 hexagon head wood screw
方头木螺钉 square head wood screw
开槽圆头木螺钉 slotted round head wood screw
开槽沉头木螺钉 slotted countersunk flat head wood screw
开槽半沉头木螺钉 slotted raised counter-sunk oval head wood screw
十字槽盘头木螺钉 cross recessed pan head wood screw
十字槽沉头木螺钉 cross recessed counter-sunk flat head wood screw
十字槽半沉头木螺钉 cross recessed raised countersunk oval head wood screw
5）螺母
螺母 nut
六角螺母 hexagon nut
六角薄螺母 hexagon thin nut
六角凸缘螺母 hexagon nut with collar
六角法兰面螺母 hexagon nut with flange
六角垫圈面螺母 washer faced hexagon nut
大六角螺母 heavy series hexagon nut
焊接六角螺母 hexagon weld nut
方螺母 square nut
冲压方螺母 square nut without chamfer
地脚螺母 foundation nut
方凸缘螺母 square nut with collar
焊接方螺母 square weld nut
三角凸缘螺母 triangle nut with collar
八角螺母 octagon nut
五角螺母 pentagon nut
十二角法兰面螺母 12 point flange nut
六角开槽螺母 hexagon slotted nut
六角冠状螺母 hexagon castle nut
六角冠状薄螺母 hexagon thin castle nut
盖形螺母 acorn nut
盖形薄螺母 cap nut
圆螺母 round nut
滚花高螺母 knurled nut with collar
滚花薄螺母 knurled thin nut
开槽圆螺母 slotted round nut
侧面开槽圆螺母 slotted round nut，for hook-spanner
侧面带孔圆螺母 round nut with set pin holes in side
端面带孔圆螺母 round nut with drilled holes in one face
翼形螺母 wing nut
吊环螺母 lifting eye nut
扁环螺母 flat nut
6）垫圈
垫圈 washer
平垫圈 plain washer
单面倒角平垫圈 single chamfer plain washer
方垫圈 square washer with round hole
方孔圆垫圈 round washer with square hole
方斜垫圈 square taper washer
弹性垫圈 spring washer
尖钩端弹性垫圈 single coil spring lock washer with tang ends
鞍形弹性垫圈 curved spring washer
波形弹性垫圈 wave spring washer
锥形弹性垫圈 conical spring washer
弹簧垫圈 helical spring lockwasher
双圈弹簧垫圈 double coil spring lock washer
外齿锁紧垫圈 external teeth lock washer
内齿锁紧垫圈 internal teeth lock washer
锥形[外齿]锁紧垫圈 conical external toothed lock washer
外锯齿锁紧垫圈 external teeth serrated lock washer
内锯齿锁紧垫圈 internal teeth serrated lock washer
锥形锯齿锁紧垫圈 conical serrated external toothed lock washer
单耳止动垫圈 tab washer with long tab
双耳止动垫圈 tab washer with long tab and wing
外舌止动垫圈 external tab washer
内舌止动垫圈 internal tab washer
7）挡圈
挡圈 [closing] ring
轴肩挡圈 ring for shoulder
轴端挡圈 lock ring at the end of shaft
螺钉锁紧挡圈 lock ring with screw
开口挡圈 “E”ring
弹性挡圈 circlip，snap ring
钢丝挡圈 roundwire snap ring
夹紧挡圈 grip ring
钢丝锁圈 round wire circlip
8）键、花键
键 key
键槽 key way
平键 flat key
普通平键 general flat key
导向平键 feather key，dive key
滑键 feather key
薄型平键 thin [ flat] key
半圆键 woodruff key
楔键 taper key
普通楔键 general teper key
钩头楔键 gib-head taper key
切向键 tangential key
鞍形键 saddle key
花键 spline
矩形花键 rectangle spline
渐开线花键 involute spline
9）销
销 pin
圆柱销 cylindrical pin，straight pin，par-aller pin
普通圆柱销 general cylindrical pin
螺纹圆柱销 cylindrical pin with external thread
内螺纹圆柱销 cylindrical pin with internal thread
弹性圆柱销 spring-type straight pin，spring pin
圆锥销 conical pin，taper pin
普通圆锥销 general taper pin
内螺纹圆锥销 taper pin with internal thread
螺尾圆锥销 taper pin with external thread
开尾圆锥销 taper pin with split
槽销 grooved pin
直槽销 straight grooved pin
锥槽销 taper grooved pin
圆头槽销 round head grooved pin
沉头槽销 countersunk grooved pin
销轴 clevis pin with head
带孔销 pin with split pin hole
开口销 cotter pin，split pin
安全销 safety pin
快卸销 quick-release pin
10）铆钉
铆钉 rivet
半圆头铆钉 semi-round head rivet，buttonhead rivet
小半圆头铆钉 semi-round head rivet with small head
平锥头铆钉 cone head rivet
沉头铆钉 countersunk head rivet
半沉头铆钉 ovel countersunk head rivet
扁圆头铆钉 flat round head rivet
大扁圆头铆钉 truss head rivet
平头铆钉 flat head rivet
扁平头铆钉 thin head rivet
半空心铆钉 semi-tubular rivet
扁圆头半空心铆钉 oval head semi-tubular rivet
大扁圆头半空心铆钉 truss head semi-tubu-lar rivet
平锥头半空心铆钉 cone head semi-tubular rivet
沉头半空心铆钉 countersunk head semi-tu-bular rivet
扁平头半空心铆钉 thin head semi-tubular rivet
无头铆钉 headless rivet
空心铆钉 tubular rivet
管状铆钉 pipe type rivet
标牌铆钉 rivets for rame plate
（2）联轴器
联轴器 coupling
刚性联轴器 rigid coupling
套筒联轴器 sleeve coupling
凸缘联轴器 flange coupling
夹壳联轴器 split coupling
齿式联轴器 gear coupling
十字滑块联轴器 Oldham coupling
滑块联轴器 NZ claw type coupling
链条联轴器 chain coupling
万向联轴器 universal joint
双万向联轴器 double universal joint
十字轴式万向联轴器 universal coupling with spider
球笼式同步万向联轴器 synchronizing uni-versal coupling with ball and sacker
弹性联轴器 resilient shaft coupling
金属弹性元件联轴器 coupling with metallic elastic element
簧片联轴器 flat spring coupling
蛇形弹簧联轴器 serpentine steel flex cou-pling
波纹管联轴器 coupling with corrugated pipe
牙嵌式联轴器 jaw and toothed coupling
膜片联轴器 diaphragm coupling
非金属弹性元件联轴器 coupling with non-metallic elastic element
轮胎式联轴器 coupling with rubber type ele-ment
橡胶金属环联轴器 coupling with rubber-metal ring
橡胶套筒联轴器 coupling with rubber sleeve
橡胶块联轴器 coupling with rubber pads
橡胶板联轴器 coupling with rubber plates
多角形橡胶联轴器 coupling with polygonal rubber element
弹性套柱销联轴器 pin coupling with elastic sleeve
梅花形弹性联轴器 coupling with elastic spi-der
弹性柱销联轴器 elastic pin coupling
弹性柱销齿式联轴器 gear coupling with elastic pins
（3）离合器
1）各种离合器
离合器 clutch
操纵离合器 controlled clutch
自控离合器 auto-controlled clutch
机械离合器 mechanically controlled clutch
电磁离合器 electromagnetic clutch
液压离合器 hydraulically controlled clutch
超越离合器 overrunning clutch
滚柱离合器 roller clutch
楔块离合器 sprag clutch
棘轮离合器 ratchet clutch
气压离合器 pneumatically controlled clutch
离心离合器 centrifugal clutch
安全离合器 safety clutch
弹性离合器 flexible clutch
刚性离合器 rigid clutch
单向离合器 one-way clutch
双向离合器 twin-direction clutch
常开离合器 normally disengaged clutch
常合离合器 normally engaged clutch
同步离合器 synchro clutch
双作用离合器 dual clutch
嵌合式离合器 positive clutch
牙嵌离合器 jaw clutch
齿形离合器 toothed clutch
销式离合器 pin-type clutch
键式离合器 key-type clutch
摩擦式离合器 friction clutch
片式离合器 disc clutch
圆锥离合器 cone clutch
摩擦块离合器 friction block clutch
胀圈离合器 expansion ring clutch
扭簧离合器 torsional spring clutch
闸带离合器 brake-band clutch
闸块离合器 brake shoe clutch
鼓式离合器 drum clutch
隔膜离合器 diaphragm clutch
气胎离合器 pneumatic tube clutch
钢球离合器 steel ball clutch
磁粉离合器 magnetic powder clutch
干式离合器 dry clutch
湿式离合器 wet clutch
调速离合器 variable speed clutch
2）离合器主要零部件
主动部件 driving part
从动部件 driven part
接合机构 engaging mechanism
分离机构 disengaging mechanism
接合元件 engaging element
隔模片 diaphragm
弹性部件 flexible assembly
限位装置 caging device
支承盘 supporting plate
滑移件 sliding component
磁轭 magnetic yoke
衔铁 armature
滚道 race
星轮 star wheel
楔块 sprag
内片 inner plate
外片 outer plate
内传动件 inner driving medium
外传动件 outer driving medium
芯片 core plate
摩擦衬片 friction facing
摩擦片 friction plate
对偶件 mating plate
承压盘 bearing disc
压盘 pressure plate
压紧弹簧 pressure spring
回位弹簧 return spring
分离弹簧 release spring
膜片弹簧 diaphragm spring
扭簧 torsional spring
胀圈 expansion ring
气胎 pneumatic tube
摩擦鼓部件 drum assembly
鼓轮 drum
内锥体部件 inner cone assembly
外锥体 outer cone part
闸块 brake shoe
磁粉 magnetic powder
铜基摩擦片 copper base friction plate
铁基摩擦片 iron base friction plate
喷涂摩擦片 spray-coated friction plate
碳基摩擦材料 carbon base friction material
石棉摩擦材料 asbestos friction material
碳-碳复合材料 carbon-carbon composite ma-terial
3）离合器性能参数
接合过程 engaging process
缓冲接合过程 buffer engaging process
分离过程 disengaging process
接合时间 engaging time
分离时间 disengaging time
接合转速 engaging rotating speed
接合频率 engaging frequency
楔角 locking angle
撑角 strut angle
外撑角 outer strut angle
滑差 slip
摩擦副数 number of friction pairs
衰退 degeneration
恢复 recuperation
（4）制动器
1）各种制动器
制动器 brake
直接接触式制动器 direct contact brake
非直接接触式制动器 non-direct contact brake
摩擦制动器 friction brake
非摩擦制动器 non-friction brake
常开制动器 normally disengaged brake
常闭制动器 normally engaged brake
单向制动器 uni-directional brake
双向制动器 bi-directional brake
干式制动器 dry brake
湿式制动器 wet brake
液压制动器 hydraulically controlled brake
气压制动器 pneumatically controlled brake
电磁制动器 electromagnetic brake
惯性制动器 inertia brake
重力制动器 gravity brake
离心制动器 centrifugal brake
机械制动器 mechanically controlled brake
人力制动器 manual brake
自锁制动器 self-locking brake
牙嵌式制动器 jaw brake
鼓式制动器 drum brake
带式制动器 band brake
盘式制动器 disk brake
圆锥制动器 cone brake
块式制动器 block brake
外抱式制动器 external-contacting brake
内胀式制动器 internal-expanding brake
楔块制动器 wedge brake
凸轮制动器 cam brake
柱塞制动器 plunger brake
推杆制动器 pusher brake
单蹄制动器 one shoe brake
双蹄制动器 two-shoe brake
领蹄制动器 leading shoe brake
从蹄制动器 trailing shoe brake
气胎制动器 pneumatic tube brake
磁粉制动器 magnetic powder brake
电磁涡流制动器 electromagnetic whirlpool brake
磁滞制动器 magnetic remanence brake
水涡流制动器 water whirlpool brake
安全制动器 safety brake
2）制动器主要零部件
制动衬片 brake lining
制动蹄 brake shoe
制动鼓 brake drum
制动盘 brake disk
制动钳板臂 brake calliper plate yoke
制动臂 brake arm
制动衬块 brake pad
制动瓦 shoes of brakes
制动轮 brake wheel
制动钢带 brake steel belt
制动衬带 brake lining
制动带 brake belt
领蹄 leading shoe
从蹄 trailing shoe
制动块 brake piece
外锥盘 external cone plate
3）制动器性能参数
水平制动 level braking
垂直制动 vertical braking
有效制动距离 active braking distance
有效工作时间 active working time
总制动距离 total braking distance
总工作时间 total working time
单位摩擦功 unit friction work
单位摩擦功率 unit friction power
许用摩擦功 allowable friction work
许用摩擦功率 allowable friction power
制动频率 braking frequency
制动转速 braking rotational speed
制动减速度 braking deceleration
平均制动减速度 mean braking deceleration
热载荷值 thermic load value
许用热载荷值 allowable thermic load value
制动副数 number of braking pairs
热衰退 heat fade
过恢复 over recovery
制动颤振 brake chatter
制动噪声 brake noise
制动跳动 braking hop
制动失效 braking failure
（5）滑动轴承
1）滑动轴承形式
轴承 bearing
滑动轴承 plain bearing，slidingcontact bear-ing
整体式滑动轴承 solid bearing
剖分式滑动轴承 split plain bearing
滑动轴承系统 plain bearing unit
径向滑动轴承 plain journal bearing
止推滑动轴承 plain thrust bearing
径向止推滑动轴承 thrust-journal plain bear-ing
静载滑动轴承 steadily loaded plain bearing
动载滑动轴承 dynamically loaded plain bearing
液体动压轴承 hydrodynamic bearing
液体静压轴承 hydrostatic bearing
气体动压轴承 aerodynamic bearing
气体静压轴承 aerostatic bearing
动静压混合轴承 hybrid bearing
固体润滑轴承 bearing with solid lubricant
无润滑轴承 unlubricated bearing
自润滑轴承 self-lubricating bearing
多孔质轴承 porous bearing
磁力轴承 magnetic bearing
静电轴承 electrostatic bearing
自位滑动轴承 plain self-aligning bearing
浮环轴承 floating-ring bearing
瓦块轴承 pad bearing
可倾瓦块轴承 tilting-pad bearing
圆形滑动轴承 circular plain bearing
非圆滑动轴承 noncircular plain bearing
椭圆轴承 elliptic bearing
单层滑动轴承 monolayer plain bearing
多层滑动轴承 multilayer plain bearing
多层金属轴承 multilayer metallic bearing
粉末冶金轴承 powder metallurgy bearing
塑料轴承 plastic bearing
宝石轴承 jewel bearing
橡胶轴承 rubber bearing
多楔滑动轴承 lobed plain bearing
多油楔轴承 multi-oil wedge bearing
多油叶轴承 bobed bearing
2）滑动轴承结构要素
滑动表面 sliding surface
止推环 thrust collar
滑动轴承孔 plain bearing bore
滑动轴承座 plain bearing housing
滑动轴承座孔 plain bearing housing bore(https://www.daowen.com)
[滑动轴承]轴套 [ plain] bearing bush
卷制轴套 wrapped bearing bush
[滑动轴承]轴瓦 [plain]bearing half-line，[plain]bearing liner
薄壁轴瓦 thin walled half bearing， thin walled half liner
厚壁轴瓦 thick walled half bearing，thick walled half liner
单层轴瓦 solid bearing liner
单层轴承 solid bearing bush
多层轴瓦 multilayer bearing liner
多层轴套 multilayer bearing bush
翻边轴瓦 flanger bearing liner
翻边轴承 flanger bearing bush
轴承衬背 bearing liner backing
轴承减磨层 bearing anti-friction layer
轴承磨合层 bearing running-in layer
轴承衬 bearing liner
瓦块 pad
止推垫圈 thrust washer
油槽 oil groove
油孔 oil hole
油道 oil duct
油腔 oil recess，oil pocket
封油面 land
[静压轴承]补偿器 compensator
节流器 restrictor
恒流量阀 constant flow valve
3）滑动轴承尺寸特性
滑动轴承孔径 plain journal bearing inside diameter
滑动轴承宽度 plain journal bearing width
宽径比 width-diameter ratio
滑动轴承直径间隙 diametral clearance of plain journal bearing
滑动轴承半径间隙 radial clearance of plain journal bearing
滑动轴承轴向间隙 axial clearance of plain journal bearing
滑动轴承相对间隙 relative clearance of plain bearing
轴瓦厚度 thickness of bearing liner
轴套厚度 half bush wall thickness
轴承减摩层厚度 bearing material layer thickness
轴瓦半圆周长 half peripheral length of bear-ing liner
测量高出度 nip，crush
轴瓦对口面平行度 inclination of bearing parting face
自由弹张量 free spread
轴瓦[瓦口]削薄量 bearing bore relief
轴瓦贴合度 bedding degree of bearing liner
4）滑动轴承材料及其性能
减摩轴承材料 anti-friction bearing material
烧结轴承材料 sintered bearing material
复合轴承材料 composite bearing material
自润滑轴承材料 self-lubricating bearing ma-terial
摩擦相容性 frictional compatibility
[摩擦]顺应性 frictional conformability
嵌入性 embeddability
抗疲劳性 fatigue resistance
5）滑动轴承计算
[滑动轴承]滑动速度 sliding velocity
轴承径向载荷 bearing radial load
轴承轴向载荷 bearing axial load
轴承润滑油流量 oil flow in bearing
轴承旋转阻转矩 bearing torque resistance
轴心轨迹 locus of journal center
[滑动轴承]压缩数 compressibility number
磨损度 wear intensity
轴承承载能力 bearing load carrying capacity
轴承连心线 bearing center line
[滑动轴承]偏心距 eccentricity
偏心率 relative eccentricity
偏位角 attitude angle
载荷角 load angle
楔效应 wedge effect
压缩效应 compression effect
轴承投影面积 bearing projected area
轴承压强 bearing mean specific load
pv值 pv value
磨损量 wear extent
扩散效应 diffusion effect
临界油膜厚度 oil film critical thickness
临界气膜厚度 gas film critical thickness
最小油膜厚度 minimum oil film thickness
最小气膜厚度 minimum gas film thickness
油膜刚度 oil film stiffness
气膜刚度 gas film stiffness
气膜振荡 gas whirl
（6）滚动轴承
1）各种滚动轴承
滚动轴承 rolling bearing
单列轴承 single row bearing
双列轴承 double row bearing
多列轴承 multi-row bearing
满装滚动体轴承 full complement bearing
角接触轴承 angular contact bearing
刚性轴承 rigid bearing
调心轴承 self-aligning bearing
外调心轴承 external aligning bearing
剖分轴承 split bearing
米制轴承 metric bearing
英制轴承 inch bearing
开型轴承 open bearing
密封圈轴承 sealed bearing
防尘盖轴承 shielded bearing
闭型轴承 capped bearing
预润滑轴承 prelubricated bearing
仪器精密轴承 instrument precision bearing
组配轴承 matched bearing
向心轴承 radial bearing
径向接触轴承 radial contact bearing
向心角接触轴承 angular contact radial bear-ing
外球面轴承 insert bearing
锥孔轴承 tapered bore bearing
凸缘轴承 flanged bearing
滚轮[滚动]轴承 track roller[rolling]bearing
万能组配轴承 universal matching bearing
推力轴承 thrust bearing
轴向接触轴承 axial contact bearing
角接触推力轴承 angular contact thrust bear-ing
单向推力轴承 single direction thrust bearing
双向推力轴承 double-direction thrust bearing
直线[运动]轴承 linear[motion]bear-ing
循环球[滚子]直线轴承 recirculating ball[roller]linear bearing
球轴承 ball bearing
向心球轴承 radial ball bearing
沟型球轴承 groove ball bearing
深沟球轴承 deep groove ball bearing
锁口球轴承 counterbore ball bearing
装填槽球轴承 filling slot ball bearing
三点接触球轴承 three point contact ball bearing
四点接触球轴承 four-point contact ball bear-ing
推力球轴承 thrust ball bearing
双列单向推力球轴承 double row single-di-rection thrust ball bearing
滚子轴承 roller bearing
向心滚子轴承 radial roller bearing
圆柱滚子轴承 cylindrical roller bearing
圆锥滚子轴承 tapered roller bearing
滚针轴承 needle roller bearing
调心滚子轴承 self-aligning roller bearing
交叉滚子轴承 crossed roller bearing
推力滚子轴承 thrust roller bearing
推力圆柱滚子轴承 cylindrical roller thrust bearing
推力圆锥滚子轴承 tapered roller thrust bearing
推力滚针轴承 needle roller thrust bearing
推力调心滚子轴承 self-aligning thrust roller bearing
2）滚动轴承零件
轴承套圈 bearing ring
内圈 inner ring
外圈 outer ring
轴承垫圈 bearing washer
轴圈 shaft washer
座圈 housing washer
中圈 central washer
平挡圈 loose rib
斜挡圈 separate thrust collar
中挡圈 guide ring
止动环 locating snap ring
锁圈 retaining snap ring
隔圈 spacer[ring]
密封圈 [bearing]seal
防尘盖 [bearing]shield
护圈 flinger
滚动体 rolling element
球 ball
滚子 roller
滚针 needle roller
保持架 cage
隔离件 [rolling element]separator
3）滚动轴承配置及分部件
成对安装 paired mounting
组合安装 stack mounting
背对背配置 back-to-back arrangement
面对面配置 face-to-face arrangement
串联配置 tandem arrangement
分部件 sub-unit
可互换分部件 interchangeable sub-unit
圆锥内圈组件 cone assembly
无内圈的滚针轴承 needle roller bearing without inner ring
4）滚动轴承系列
轴承系列 bearing series
尺寸系列 dimension series
直径系列 diameter series
宽度系列 width series
高度系列 height series
角度系列 angle series
5）滚动轴承外形尺寸
外形尺寸 [bearing]boundary dimension
轴承内径 bearing bore diameter
轴承外径 bearing outside diameter
轴承宽度 bearing width
径向倒角尺寸 radial chamfer dimension
轴向倒角尺寸 axial chamfer dimension
凸缘宽度 flange width
凸缘高度 flange height
止动环槽直径 snap ring groove diameter
止动环槽宽度 snap ring groove width
止动环槽深度 snap ring groove depth
调心表面半径 aligning surface radius
调心表面中心高度 aligning surface center height
6）滚动轴承分部件及零件尺寸
滚道接触直径 raceway contact diameter
滚道中部 middle raceway
圆锥外圈小内径 cup small inside diameter
圆锥外圈角 cup angle
套圈宽度 ring width
垫圈高度 washer height
球直径 ball diameter
[圆柱]滚子直径 roller diameter
滚子长度 roller length
球组的节圆直径 pitch diameter of ball set
滚子组的节圆直径 pitch diameter of roller set
球组内径 ball set bore diameter
球组外径 ball set outside diameter
滚子组内径 roller set bore diameter
滚子组外径 roller set outside diameter
球总体内径 ball complement bore diameter
球总体外径 ball complement outside diame-ter
滚子总体内径 roller complement bore diame-ter
滚子总体外径 roller complement outside di-ameter
7）滚动轴承转矩、载荷及寿命
启动转矩 starting torque
旋转转矩 running torque
径向载荷 radial load
轴向载荷 axial load
中心轴向载荷 centric axial load
摆动载荷 oscillating load
变载荷 fluctuating load
预载荷 preload
当量载荷 equivalent load
平均有效载荷 mean effective load
中值寿命 median life
额定寿命 rating life
基本额定寿命 basic rating life
修正额定寿命 adjusted rating life
中值额定寿命 median rating life
径向载荷系数 radial load factor
轴向载荷系数 axial lood factor
寿命系数 life factor
速度系数 speed factor
[额定]寿命修正系数 life adjustment factor
（7）机械密封
1）各种机械密封
机械密封 mechanical seal
流体动压式机械密封 hydrodynamic me-chanical seal
流体静压式机械密封 hydrostatic mechanical seal
非接触式密封 non-contacting mechanical seal
内装式机械密封 internally mounted mechan-ical seal
外装式机械密封 externally mounted mechan-ical seal
弹簧内置式机械密封 mechanical seal with inside mounted spring
弹簧外置式机械密封 mechanical seal with outside mounted spring
高背压式机械密封 mechanical seal with high back pressure
低背压式机械密封 mechanical seal with low back pressure
内流式机械密封 mechanical seal with inward leakage
外流式机械密封 mechanical seal with out-ward leakage
弹簧旋转式机械密封 spring rotating me-chanical seal
弹簧静止式机械密封 spring standing me-chanical seal
单弹簧式机械密封 single-spring mechanical seal
多弹簧式机械密封 multiplespring mechani-cal seal
非平衡式机械密封 unbalanced mechanical seal
平衡式机械密封 balanced mechanical seal
单端面机械密封 single mechanical seal
双端面机械密封 double mechanical seal
轴向双端面机械密封 axial double mechani-cal seal
径向双端面机械密封 radial double mechani-cal seal
串联机械密封 tandem mechanical seal
橡胶波纹管机械密封 rubber-bellows me-chanical seal
聚四氟乙烯波纹管机械密封 PTFE-bellows mechanical seal
金属波纹管机械密封 metal bellows mechan-ical seal
带浮动间隔环的机械密封 mechanical seal with flouting intermediute ring
磁力机械密封 magnetic mechanical seal
2）机械密封零件
密封环 seal ring
密封端面 seal face
密封界面 seal interface
旋转环 rotating ring
静止环 stationary ring
补偿环 compensated ring
非补偿环 uncompensated ring
补偿环组件 seal head
主密封 primary seal
副密封 secondary seal
辅助密封 auxiliary seal
辅助密封圈 auxiliary seal ring
[密封]波纹管 bellows
撑环 pushing out ring
补偿环座 compensating ring adaptor
非补偿环座 uncompensaing ring adaptor
弹簧座 spring seat
波纹管座 bellows seal adaptor
传动座 retainer
卡环 snap ring
夹紧环 clamp ring
防转销 anti-rotating pin
密封腔 annular seal space
密封腔体 seal chamber
密封端盖 end cover
3）流体及其回路
阻封 quench
阻封流体 quench fluid
隔离流体 buffer fluid
调温流体 temperature adjustable fluid
冷却流体 coolant
加热流体 heating fluid
被密封介质 sealed medium
密封流体 sealant
4）机械密封性能参数
密封环带 seal band
弹簧压强 spring pressure
闭合力 closing force
开启力 opening force
反压系数 back pressure factor
平衡直径 balance diameter
载荷系数 load factor
流体膜 fluid film
副密封摩擦力 friction force of secondary seal
端面压强 face pressure
pv值 pv value
pv极限值 limiting pv value
pv许用值 working pv value
pcv值 pcv value
pcv极限值 limiting pcv value
pcv许用值 working pcv value
气穴现象 cavitation
闪蒸现象 flash
搅拌转矩 stirring torque
启动转矩 break out torque
功率消耗 power consumption
泄漏量 leakage rate
（8）弹簧
1）各种弹簧
弹簧 spring
螺旋弹簧 helical spring
圆柱螺旋弹簧 cylindrical helical spring
圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧 cylindrical helical com-pression spring
圆柱螺旋拉伸弹簧 cylindrical helical ten-sion spring
圆柱螺旋扭转弹簧 cylindrical helical torsion spring
不等节距圆柱螺旋弹簧 variable pitch cylin-drical helical spring
多股螺旋弹簧 stranded wire helical spring
中凸形螺旋弹簧 barrel-shaped spring
中凹形螺旋弹簧 hourglass-shaped spring
密圈螺旋弹簧 tightly coiled helical spring
截锥螺旋弹簧 conical spring
截锥涡卷弹簧 volute spring
平面涡卷弹簧 spiral spring
碟形弹簧 belleville spring
组合碟形弹簧 dish-shaped-spring stack
环形弹簧 ring spring
板弹簧 leaf spring
弹簧箍 buckle
弓形板弹簧 semi-elliptic leaf spring
等刚度弓形板弹簧 constant stiffness semi-elliptic spring
变刚度弓形板弹簧 variable rate semi-elliptic spring
椭圆形板弹簧 full-elliptic spring
等刚度椭圆形板弹簧 constant rate full-ellip-tic spring
变刚度椭圆形板弹簧 variable rate full-ellip-tic spring
悬臂板弹簧 quarter-elliptic spring
组合弹簧 combined spring
扭杆弹簧 torsion bar spring
蛇形弹簧 serpentine spring
异形弹簧 wire spring
片弹簧 flat spring
橡胶弹簧 rubber spring
压缩式橡胶弹簧 compression-type rubber spring
剪切式橡胶弹簧 shear-type rubber spring
扭转式橡胶弹簧 torsion-type rubber spring
组合式橡胶弹簧 combined-type rubber spring
层状橡胶弹簧 laminated rubber spring
衬套式橡胶弹簧 sleeve-shape rubber spring
橡胶挡 rubber stop
空气弹簧 air spring
2）弹簧结构和性能参数
[弹簧]节距 pitch
间距 space
自由高度 free height
[弹簧]工作高度 working height
[弹簧]工作载荷 specified load
[弹簧]极限载荷 ultimate load
[弹簧]工作极限载荷 working ultimate load
总圈数 total number of coils
有效圈数 effective coil number
极限高度 height under ultimate load，length under ultimate load
弹簧中径 mean diameter of coil
旋绕比 spring index
曲度系数 curvature correction factor
支承圈数 number of end coils
高径比 slenderness ratio
压并载荷 solid load
压并高度 solid height
压并应力 stress at solid position
工作扭转角 working torsion-angle
极限扭转角 ultimate torsion-angle
工作极限扭转角 working ultimate torsion-an-gle
自由角度 free angle
索径 diameter of wire cord
索距 pitch of wire cord
索拧角 twist angle of strands
初拉力 initial tension
径向节距 radial pitch
轴向节距 axial pitch
初始角蛤变形量 deflection of first bottoming
初始角蛤载荷 load at first bottoming
支承面宽度 width of contact surface
支承面宽度系数 coefficient of contact sur-face width
碟簧内锥高 formed height of unloaded single disc
组合碟簧自由高度 height of unloaded spring stack
弧高 camber
自由弧高 free camber
单片弧高 camber of a leaf
载荷弧高 camber under load
弦长 span
自由弦长 free span
载荷弦长 span under load
伸直弦长 flat span
主片 main leaf
副片 auxiliary leaf
承载面积 load area
自由面积 free area
内压 internal air pressure
工作压力 working pressure
有效直径 effective diameter
有效面积 effective area
有效面积变化特性 characteristic of effective area variation
设计高度 design height
基本容积 basic spring volume
附加容积 additional volume
总容积 total volume
附加空气室 auxiliary air reservoir
变形量 deflection
弹簧特性 characteristic of spring
弹簧刚度 stiffness of spring
弹簧柔度 flexibility of spring
3）弹簧处理工艺
整定处理 setting
加温整定处理 hot-setting
强压处理 [compressive]prestressing
加温强压处理 hot-[compressive]prestress-ing
强拉处理 [tension]prestressing
加温强拉处理 hot[tension]prestressing
强扭处理 [torsion]prestressing
加温强扭处理 hot[torsion]prestressing
（9）法兰
法兰 flange
窄面法兰 narrow contact face flange
宽面法兰 wide contact face flange
钢管法兰 steel pipe flange
整体法兰 integral flange
活套法兰 loose flange
螺纹法兰 crewed flange
对焊法兰 welding neck flange
平焊法兰 welded flange
板式平焊法兰 slip-on-welding plate flange
带颈平焊法兰 hubbed clip-onwelding flange
带颈承焊法兰 hubbed socked welding flange
对焊环松套带颈法兰 loose hubbed flange with welding nackcollar
板式新边松套法兰 loose plate flange with lapped pipe end
衬环法兰 lined flange
突面法兰 raised face flange
凹凸面法兰 male and female flange
榫槽面法兰 tongue and groove face flange
反向法兰 counter flange
铸铁管法兰 cast iron pipe flange
灰铸铁管法兰 grey cast iron pipe flange
灰铸铁螺纹管法兰 grey cast iron screwed pipe flange
（10）操作件
手柄 handle
曲面手柄 machine handle
直手柄 straight handle
转动小手柄 small handle with sleeve
转动手柄 handle with sleeve
曲面转动手柄 machine handle with sleeve
锥柱手柄 tapered patten handle
球头手柄 ball handle
单柄对重手柄 ball-crank handle
双柄对重手柄 bi-lever balanced handle
手柄球 ball knob
手柄套 taper knob
椭圆手柄套 curved surface knob
长手柄套 long sleeve knob
手柄杆 handle lever
手柄座 handle seat
手轮 handwheel
锁紧手柄套 locking handle seat
圆盘手柄套 disc handle seat
定位手柄座 position fixing handle seat
小波纹手柄轮 small sinuate handwheel
小手轮 small handwheel
波纹手轮 sinuate handwheel
圆轮缘手轮 disc handwheel
波纹圆轮缘手轮 sinuate disc handwheel
把手 knob
压花把手 knurlied knob
十字把手 palm grip knob
星形把手 star grip knob
定位把手 position fixing knob
定位手柄 position fixing handle
定位手柄杆 position fixing handle lever
旋转定位手轮座 position fixing handle seat with sleeve
（11）筛网
筛子 sieve
筛框 frame
筛面 sieving medium
筛孔[眼] screen opening
筛孔尺寸 aperture size
筛分面积百分率 percentage sieving area
编织形式 type of weave
金属丝编织网 woven wire cloth
孔距 pitch
试验筛 test sieve
丝径 wire diameter
经丝 warp
纬丝 weft
穿孔板 perforated plate
筋宽 bridge width
边宽 margin
筛板厚度 plate thickness
冲孔面 punch side
筛盖 lid
接料盘 receiver
合格试验筛 certified test sieve
匹配试验筛 matched test sieve
全套试验筛 full set of test sieves
常规试验筛组 regular set of test sieves
非常规试验筛组 irregular set of test sieves
试验用套筛 nest of test sieves
筛分 sieving
筛分试验 test sieving
过筛率 sieving rate
筛下物 undersize
筛上物 oversize
筛分终点 end point
近似尺寸颗粒 near-size particle
颗粒尺寸 particle size
筛分粒度分析 size analysis by sieving
粒度分布曲线 size distribution curve
筛上物累计分布曲线 cumulative oversize distribution curve
筛下物累计分布曲线 cumulative undersize distribution curve
干筛分 dry sieving
湿筛分 wet sieving
堵塞 blinding
团块 agglomerate
装料量 charge
松装密度 apparent bulk density