英语“硬新闻”的播读与播报样本（天气预报）
“英语天气预报”播读的原理
因为是对人人关心的生活内容的介绍，就会与内容所触及的“此一处”受众的生活习惯与天气变化的关系紧密联系起来。所以，就要求驾驭这一新闻类别的主播把握一个最基本的出发点：事实+关切+提示。也就是说，“事实”部分一定要介绍得清楚，“关切”部分意味着从声音到外在表情，都是用“here is the point...”或“pay your attention to...”的心态将天气变化可能引起对生活的影响带到人们的出行计划安排上。进而，语调是平缓的、语速是中速的、语气是亲切的。
“英播人”在EBTV综合硬新闻节目中对“天气预报”的“播读”状态
Training of Broadcast Announcing & Anchoring in English on Weather Forecast
WP's'back-from-vacation-Monday'national weather forecast
［Source：www.yahoo.com］
After a week off and daylight savings time starting，I'm about as sharp as a teenager working the drive-through.
The weather picture starts with a compact storm over AR this morning.Rain and storms are headed eastward through the MS valley，and a few severe storms are possible in La and MS this afternoon，with the main threat being gusty winds.The NW side of the storm features cold air，and the snow is coming down over KS and MO with 3-6°worth by this afternoon.I'll have the radar shots for you.
“英播人”在EBTV综合硬新闻节目中“天气预报”记者现场“播报”的状态
Flood warnings are up all over the MW and parts of the NE from all the rain over the last week，and I have some flood video this morning from NJ.OR had a few storms yesterday，a little damage with downed trees.More rain and snow is smashing up the NW again this morning，and even more is headed in tonight.I'll have the warnings for you.Air travel will be so-so with the two storms today，so watch for updates on delays.Later！
5-Day Forecast
Tonight
Mostly cloudy.Scattered rain and snow showers in the evening.Patchy fog late in the night.Chance of precipitation 30 percent.Lows near 30.Southwest winds to 15 mph in the evening.
Tuesday
Mostly cloudy.Slight chance of rain and snow showers in the morning...then chance of rain showers in the afternoon.Patchy fog in the morning.Chance of precipitation 50 percent.Highs in the upper 40s to mid 50s.Southeast winds to 15 mph.
Tuesday Night
Rain showers likely.Chance of showers near 100 percent.Lows in the mid 30s to lower 40s.
Wednesday
Rain and snow showers likely.Chance of precipitation 60 percent.Highs in the lower to mid 40s.Southwest winds to 15 mph.
Wednesday Night
Mostly cloudy with a chance of snow showers.Chance of rain showers in the evening.Chance of precipitation 50 percent.Lows near 30.
Thursday
Mostly cloudy with a chance of snow showers.Chance of rain showers in the afternoon.Chance of precipitation 50 percent.Highs in the mid to upper 40s.
Thursday Night
Mostly cloudy with a 20 percent chance of snow showers.Lows in the mid to upper 20s.
Friday
Mostly cloudy with a slight chance of rain showers.Slight chance of snow showers in the morning.Chance of precipitation 20 percent.Highs near 50.
Friday Night
Mostly cloudy.Chance of rain showers in the evening...then chance of snow showers after midnight.Chance of precipitation 30 percent.Lows near 30.
Saturday through Sunday
Mostly cloudy with a 40 percent chance of rain and snow showers.Highs in the upper 40s to mid 50s.Lows near 30.
Sunday Night
Mostly cloudy with a chance of snow showers.Chance of rain showers in the evening.Chance of precipitation 30 percent.Lows in the mid to upper 20s.
Monday
Mostly cloudy with a 40 percent chance of rain and snow showers.Highs near 50.
这部分节选的对“英语硬新闻”播读训练的稿件部分，主要是针对播音员对驾驭“英语硬新闻”中的“天气预报”的“播读”技能的部分。在这一部分里，虽然每条内容并不长，甚至与其他类型的新闻内容相比，简直就是“不算句子了。但这也的确是按照业界的使用标准来选出的。这样的长度，不仅可以形成有效的播读韵律，而且还可以形成受众在接受效果方面的视听交替效应，达到较佳的接受心理状态。
对于驾驭“英语硬新闻”中的“天气预报”的播读过程里，影响内容经过播音员处理后的播送效果之最为重要的因素，仍是可以概括为气息（Breath）、情绪（Mood）、意群（Sensegroup）、团队（Teamwork）四个方面。
（一）英语硬新闻之“天气预报”播报气息
Breathing of Broadcast Hardnews in English［Weather Forecast］
Comparing with the differences of contents of other types of news，for instance，the hard news like current affairs and financial news，the sentences of weather forecast are much shorter and concise.And it seems that the forecast structures of a certain day or a certain city are almost exactly the same，the positions of key points in each item are also quite similar to each other.
What's more，what the audience care most are the degree of temperature，whether it's sunny or rainy and sometimes the force of winds.As a result，though the requirement of the breathing is not as long as it is in the hard news，I need to learn to use the breathing steadily.So，I can have enough strength to emphasise the major points of the weather information clearly.
Compared with the weather forecast，the requirement of breath in the initial four short pieces of news are different.The sentences are longer especially in the items of“Chinese President Hu Jintao spoke to American President Geroge W.Bush on the phone”and“China will develop the relationship with Finland”.And in each sentence the part to be emphasized are not the same，so one should use longer breath so as to adjust the different contents.
（二）英语硬新闻之“天气预报”播报情绪
Mood of Broadcast Hardnews in English［Weather Forecast］
In all the practice training processes，EBA members were arranged on purpose to act separately as a news annoucer，reporter on spot and weather forecast presenter.Since both the broadcasting conditions and contents are totally different，what the audiences expect is distinct too.Therefore，one should adjust the mood properly to coordinate what one was demanded and expected.
Weather forecasts are not alike the hard news，it's much more relaxed and closely concerned with everyone's daily life，the weather forecast is usually shown after all the hard news and being the last part of a whole program.Consequently，the audience will expect something brisk.Associated with the weather forecast all of us have watched before.In fact，we have been used to its style，its editing and its forcaster's attitude，especially the delivery with peaceful flow and rhythm.
How to keep the calm mentality in front of the blue-background with the fluent and telling tones when one is carrying on the delivering duty？The most effective way is to use EBA's training principle of“PREP”for conversational style，that is，to imagine your family members are just sitting there besides the camera in front of you.And one can use the tone of telling her/his parents at ease with smile and not be worried by the changeable weather since you yourself have paid attention to both the temperature and weather condition and known very well what one should do to copy with the weather condition.
（三）英语硬新闻之“天气预报”播报意群
Sense-group of Broadcast Hardnews in English［Weather Forecast］
From the perspective of contents，it is no dout that contents of Weather Forecast are quite different from other kinds of news categories.It seems it's much easier to deliver because the sentences are much shorter and the sentence structures of very forecast are almost the same.Hence，it is very easy for the forcasters to overlook the pauses of each sense-group.
The purpose of pause-making is to let the audiences get better understanding of the contents and easier following what the forcaster is saying.Most importantly，the proper pause-making can lead the audience to catch all of the key points within the very short delivering time.In weather forecast item，what the audiences focus most can be concluded as temperatures，weather conditions，force of the wind and chance of precipitation at the concerned regions or countries because of their family members，relatives or friends living there.Considering these factors，the sense-groups can be sorted out such as the names of the places，the exact numbers and the timing.In this way，the audiences can feel much easier to rethink of the information with their daily life schedules.
（四）英语硬新闻之“天气预报”播报团队
Teamwork of Broadcast Hardnews in English［Weather Forecast］
As for teamwork，the weather forecast anchor doesn't have a partner and doesn't need to connect with correspondents on spot like other kinds of news deliveries.So，the teamwork consists in the coherence of preceding announcers.Generally speaking，the coherence should be natural and sincere.What's more，Weather Forecast is arranged after Sports News，it is quite easy to keep the easygoing or exciting atmosphere to transit since both of the two sections are delivered with light mood.Therefore，one can just treat the coherence as saying“Hello”or much casual tone with“Hi，XXX”（the previous announcer's name）to the colleague.
In addition to the breath，emotion，sense-group and cooperation part which is the same with the hard and soft news.One should also consider the gestures and facial expressions since it is so vital for a weather forecaster to utilize the two essential elements.The change of temperature is a unique part in weather forecast，the audiences are so willing to see clear chart indicating the exact numbers of temperature.Then，there is always a map behind a weather forecaster，which can help the audiences find out the weather condition in the city，region or nation where they live quickly.Thus，it's quite necessary for a forcaster to point at the right place relating to what is said.
Although the weather forecast's atmosphere is usually relaxed and light，it will also involve some natural disaster such as heavy snow，drought，frosty and so on.In this way，a proper facial expression is also a very important part in weather forecast delivery.
总之，在第二部分里，笔者就关于我们中国籍的处于对外英语广播电视新闻播音员及现场新闻报道的记者位置，而运用非母语英语进行“硬新闻”的“播读”和“播报”能力进行了探讨和分析。在这整一章的篇幅里，笔者分别对英语“硬新闻”的播报意群、英语“硬新闻”的播报语速、英语“硬新闻”的播报语感及英语“硬新闻”的播报语流进行了四个小节的分析。通过如此的分析，使得对于我们在运用非母语英语作为职业用语来从事对外英语广播电视“硬新闻”的“播读”和“播报”，有了系统化的认识。尤其是对于目前在一线工作的从业人员来说，是具有参考意义的。同时，对有志于加入这一行业的人们而言，更是认识和掌握具体解释与技能的关键内容。