英语新闻人物专题节目个案
Study-case for Broadcast Personality Features English
在此，笔者选择的是经过“英播”学习的受训者为进一步理解所学理论，而设计的一档用于实践的节目文档。这档节目的设计，就是按照“英播”所要求的“英语新闻事件评析节目”原理完成的。其中，节目中设计了一位主播、一位外景采访记者及一位节目聚焦人物嘉宾。【这是一档学生在学习过程中用于实践的节目设计，节目中各个角色是以“情境诠释演播”的原理完成的，并不是学生真正采访了杨丽萍女士。因此，此处的个案中的表达内容只是为了学习训练，而不是杨丽萍女士的言论——笔者注】
【Lead in】
Good morning everyone！Welcome to today's Celebrity.I'm anchorman XXX.As we all know，dancers express themselves through their body language.But an outstanding dancer not only performs，she dances with her heart and soul.She's our guest Miss Yang liping for today's programme.She is so marvelous in our eyes，but through her dancing experiences，manyunexpected changes happened.She used to remain silence of those things，but today，we are so honored to have her here with us.She will open her heart to the audience for the first time，and let's enjoy her story as a dancing spirit.
【V/O】
Yangliping was born in Dali，Yunnan Province，she is the Bai nationality.In 1971，she was recruited by Yunnan Xishuangbanba Folk Singing and Dancing Troupe.In 1980，she was transfered to Central Ensemble of National Minorities Songs and Dances.In 1994，she won the golden prize of 20th century Chinese dance classics gold award with her original work＜Que Zhi Ling［The Soul of the Peacock］＞.In 1998，she won the special jury prize in Montreal world film festival.In 2004，she won 5 items in Lotus Award（for professional dance）with the primitive sing and dance show“dynamic Yunnan”，in which she's not only the director but also an actress.
【Broadcast Narrating】
Yangliping was born in a poor rural family.As the eldest one among the four siblings，Yang's mother has always wanted her to become a soldier or a doctor in order to relieve some burden for the family.In 1971，an occasional chance fell on Yang.As a junior middle school girl，Yang was recruited by Yunnan Xishuangbanna folk singing and dancing troupe.Since then，she has got the chances to perform on stage.
Reporter：Why would you be recruited by the song and dance ensemble？
Yang：I think that's because I'm unique in the whole dancing field.When dancing alone，I've never thought of exchanging things with my dance.I don't even think that the stage is a place for performances，not to say considering the audiences below.In my eyes，I'm performing a certain ceremony.When dancing in the stage of my heart，I was actually speaking to the God.I can feel the infinite extension of my body and my arm.I do have this kind of feeling.That is a fantastic feeling which I cannot achieve in reality.So being in that state is my original intention of dancing.For me，as a dancer，flowers and applause are nothing.But until now，nobody could understand this.Only thatexplains why I dance.
【Broadcast Narrating】
Although in 1980，Yang was transfered to Central Ensemble of National Minorities Songs and Dances，she has always kept her unique way in dancing create.After winning the first prize with her solo＜Que Zhi Ling＞in the second National Dancing Competition，Yang became famous overnight.While she won the applause，she was fined by her entity.The reason is that she never attend the routine of Ballet skills training.At that time，her behavior wasinconceivable.
Reporter：Why didn't you attend the routine shape up exercise？
Yang：Because I think their training is not suitable for me.When young，I don't know much about it.But later，I find that the training is not suitable for folk dancing，because they use Ballet teaching material to train ballet dancers.But folk dancing are so different from that.We need to stand or perform in a different position in order to show the unique body shape of Eastern people.Thus I feel that kind of training quite uncomfortable.
Reporter：Are you a popular person there？
Yang：They will use administrative means to take care of it.For example，they criticize you，deduct your nutrition fee or deduct your training cloth.
Reporter：Did you accept that？
Yang：I think that's natural.You offended their rules.So，it's natural that they stop sending you the nourishment.
Reporter：So，everything changed right after you had organized the peacock dancing？
Yang：At beginning of the competition，it did cause different opinions from other people.They thought my dancing was too controversial to be called dancing.They said it is too simple and not well arranged.But anyway，I have always stuck to my dance and it turns out to be popular.
【Broadcast Narrating】
In the year of 2004，10th of April，Dancer Yang Liping brought heraudience a large scale primitive ethical dance“Dynamic Yunnan”in Beijing BaoLi Theater.The dance harvested a great success everywhere.The most majority of her dancers are farmers.The source material is originated from courtside in suburban areas，even the costumes are made by ordinary civilians.It is claimed that 75%of the dancers are farmers who settle in stockadevillages in Yunnan.None of them has ever been trained how to dance.
Reporter：“Dynamic Yunnan”claimed that 75%of the team members are unprofessional dancers.Why would you do that？Is that a commercialconcern？
Yang：No，that is not the case.Because all the endeavors I made is based on my own understanding to the dance.The folk dance I choose for my career is the best example.It is where I live helps me maintain a close contact with folk dance ever since I was a kid，so that I could end up a professional dancer.Dancing is never an art without soul，otherwise it'll be too superficial and lose its dignity.
Reporter：Why would you use amateur despite of so many available professionals？
Yang：They are in different conditions.Dance must be illustrated by the people who create as an artistic personality.
Reporter：However I still couldn't believe the authenticity of the figure.
Yang：Which one？
Reporter：That 75%are non-professional？
Yang：But it is true.
Reporter：How unprofessional can be called amateurish？
Yang：Well，not really.The fact is just another way around.We call them“unprofessional”simply because there is not a proper name.
【Broadcast Narrating】
During the preparation for“Dynamic Yunnan”，Yang has experienced troubles.After a year's rehearsal，the cooperator，Yunnan tourism song and dance ensemble left“Dynamic Yunnan”in 2002 because they couldn't seecommercial prospect.In order to raise the insufficient fond used for rehearsal，Yang sold her own estate in Dali，Yunnan.
Reporter：Was it a difficult decision？
Yang：We do not possess other fond.Therefore I would risk all for it.
Reporter：So，what do you think when you are under such pressure or
suffering from cruel reality？You simply do not care？Or it is youcharacter that counts？
Yang：Speaking from my natural character，I really don't care about this.
Reporter：What about the SARS？After all those rehearsals，you could finally put your show on stage，but the SARS came.Wouldn't this count as astrike？
Yang：Yes，it does.However，I never complained sufferings since I started＜Dynamic Yunnan＞，neither did I waver anyhow.
Reporter：You seem to send out a message to lots of people that you live a toilsome life.We know that being a dancer is not easy at all，and your childhood life would probably be miserable.Now you have beared so many hardships making＜Dynamic Yunnan＞.But you tell us all，no，you are wrong，my life is not toilsome.
Yang：I don't mean wrong literally.I mean that you may not understand what I am doing.I'll tell you a story.When I was collecting folk songs，I saw a scene that made me cry.It was nightfall that time，the sun was setting down.I saw a tiny，ant-like shadow was digging on a huge mountain ridge.When I looked closer，I saw she was digging with a baby on her back.At that moment，I was filled with emotions and I cried.Because I was an artist，I imagined the life of this great woman.In my eyes，she was digging a mountain，but she was simply digging a field so that she could grow more crops and feed her child.She did this without thinking too much，she didn't think she was a woman fighting against a mountain.This is like what others see in me making＜Dynamic Yunnan＞.You may think I'm like a woman fighting against a mountain，and this is too toilsome or extraordinary or whatever.But I seemyself as that woman.This is what I want to do，what I like to do.
【Lead out】
Before we decide to release this interview，we are notified that Yang Liping is busy preparing her new folk dance known as new version of the Soul of Peacock.She reveals that she plans to spend 3 years on this original primitive dance.She also tells us significant challenges and troubles have been encountered.But there is one thing for sure，she says，“I will not give up.”Certainly we hope that there could be more artists like Yangliping to feel this obligation to preserve the primitive art.And we sincerely wish her peacock could fly high.
Thank you for your listening.We'll see you next time at Celebrity.I'm XXX.Bye，bye.
总之，英语“软新闻”节目的类别由“英语新闻事件评析”及“英语新闻人物专访”构成。虽然表面上看只是清清楚楚的两大类，但是因其涵盖的选题内容非常广泛，概括起来，可以有这样的文字：
They could be coming from a journalism background but engaging in a wider arena of cultural topics.Mixing news，entertainment，and public affairs established“talk television，”or an extension of the“hot topic”live radio callin shows.This kinds of programmes can be radio news shows or television news talk shows.They are co-anchoring with the featured audience members talking about the social issues that affected their lives.The longevity of these“super stars”increases their impact on the forms and formats of television or radio news talk shows with which they are associated.
——Source：www.yahoo.com
所以，为了更有效、更生动地传播内容，就使得节目在语言呈现方面有了多样的状态，进而使得节目的呈现状态随着驾驭其的主播的播音风格不同，也就有了丰富的样式。总的来说，有这样几个因主播定位的角色不同而决定的播音风格：
1）As reporters and news commentators with Narrating Format
Within the journalistic tradition，news talk-show programme anchors do not have bands，sidekicks，or a studio audience.Their roles as news talk show anchors are extensions of their roles as reporters and news commentators.Their shows appear in evening when more adult and older aged audiences are listening or watching.
2）As interviewers with Conversational Format
The morning news talk anchor teams that mix“happy talk”and information also generally come from the news background.This format of anchors who started out on early morning news talk shows and went on to anchor the evening news or primetime news interview shows.Each developed a distinctive style within the more conversational format of their morning show.
3）As Interrogators with Questioning Format
The news talk show anchors become surrogates for the citizen.Interrogators on the news or clown princes and jesters on entertainment talk shows，major news talk show anchors have a license to question and mock—as long as they play within the rules.An investigation of the news talk show must，finally，delineate and examine those rules.
——Source：www.yahoo.com
从以上的分析、分类总结可以看出，当英语新闻节目从以播送“新闻事实”类的“硬新闻”节目转变为以介绍“新闻故事”中的“新闻事件”之“前因后果”和“新闻当事人”的“软新闻”节目过程中，英语硬新闻播音员的职业角色也随着节目类型，而变为英语软新闻主播。
这一转变，使得他们的播音风格定位也发生了相应的转变，即从播音员对出现在英语新闻稿件或提示器屏幕上的一个个单词“一词不落”地“播读”，到对节目值班编辑提供的“新闻关键词”进行“播述”，或对出现在眼前的节目受邀嘉宾的提问和引出的对话的主播，抑或是与身在新闻发生地以现场记者身份连线进行“有问有答”的“直播”连线主播和出声出镜记者的“播报”。
显而易见，从播音风格定位转变来思考和审视这些不同，是完全服从所驾驭的节目类型而变化的。不言而喻，这些播音方式的变化，又是完全为最有效地传播节目承载的内容服务的。因此，我们有必要来系统化地梳理这些播音方式变化所依据的根本是什么。