Ⅰ.Tea as Medicine
The medical value and curative effect of tea were recognized long ago, and the custom of taking tea as medicine still remains in some ethnic minorities, especially those in southwest China.For example, Naxi’s win-mixed tea is often drunk by Naxi people in Yunnan to treat colds;Another example is that Dai people dispense various herbal tea to treat mild colds.Bulang’s baked glutinous rice tea is said to relieve thirst and cure colds; Bai’s salt tea can clean the oral cavity; In addition, Tujia’s ingredient-mixed ground tea, also known as“Healthcare Soup”, is popular among Tujia people in Wuling Mountain Area at the junction of Guizhou, Hunan and Hubei.Ingredientmixed ground tea has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, restoring menstrual flow and removing heat from the lung.Besides, Yi’s aged tea stored for one year, De’ang’s salted tea, Hani’s fried tea, etc., all have good medicinal properties.
图4-5 以茶为药
（一）龙虎斗茶
龙虎斗茶是纳西族的特色茶饮，也是一种富有神奇色彩的饮茶方式。首先把小土陶罐在火塘边烘烤，小土陶罐烤热时投入适量的茶，待茶叶焦黄散发出焦糖香时倒入沸水煎煮，像熬中药一样，将茶汁熬得浓浓的；在茶盅内倒上小半杯白酒，然后将熬煮好的茶汤倒入盛有酒的茶盅内，顿时盅内发出噼啪的响声，响声过后茶香酒香四溢。有时还会在茶水里加辣椒，这是纳西族用来治感冒的良方，偶感风寒喝一杯龙虎斗茶，出汗后睡一觉头就不昏了，浑身也有力气了，感冒也就神奇般地治愈了。
Fig.4-5 Take tea as medicine
(I)Wine-mixed tea
Wine-mixed tea is unique to Naxi people, which is also a magical way to drink tea.Firstly,bake a small clay pot by the fire pit.When the clay pot is hot, put a proper amount of tea.After the tea leaves become brown and give off a caramel fragrance, pour boiling water for stewing.Like decocting traditional Chinese medicine, boil the tea soup into a thick taste.Next, pour half a cup of white wine into a new cup, and then pour the boiled tea soup into the cup filled with wine.Immediately, there is a crackling noise in the cup.After the noise, the fragrance of tea and wine overflows freely.Sometimes, chili is added to tea, which is a good way for Naxi people to cure colds.Those who get cold after drinking a cup of wine-mixed tea and getting a good sleep upon getting sweaty will feel clear-headed and full of strength.Thus, the cold is cured magically.
图4-6 纳西族龙虎斗茶
（二）糊米茶
糊米茶是布朗族的药用茶。其制作方法是：先把土茶罐放入火塘中烘热，放入适量的糯米不断地翻抖烘烤，烤到糯米微黄、散发出微微的烘烤香时，再放入茶叶一起烘烤，待糯米和茶叶都呈焦黄、发出浓郁的焦香时，冲入沸水。根据饮茶者的身体情况，可再配上通关散、甜萝卜、姜片等药用植物，煮沸后再加入红糖，待红糖溶化后即可饮用，糊米茶可治久患的感冒、咳嗽、喉痛、肺热等疾病。
图4-7 布朗族糊米茶
Fig.4-6 Naxi’s wine-mixed tea
(II)Baked Glutinous Rice Tea
The baked glutinous rice tea is a kind of herbal tea for the Bulang people.Making methods:First, put the clay teapot in a fire pit for baking, then put in a proper amount of glutinous rice and keep stir-frying.When the glutinous rice is slightly yellow and emits baking fragrance, put in the tea for baking together.When both the glutinous rice and the tea are brown and give off a strong burning fragrance, pour in boiling water.According to the physical condition of tea drinkers,medicinal plants such as Tongguansan, sweet radish and ginger slices can be added.After boiling,brown sugar can be added.After the brown sugar is dissolved, it is available for drinking.The baked glutinous rice tea can cure chronic diseases such as cold, cough, sore throat and lung heat.
Fig.4-7 Bulang’s baked glutinous rice tea
（三）盐巴茶
盐巴茶是白族人日常生活中的一种茶饮，制作方法是先把小砂罐在火塘边烤热，再投入5克晒青茶进行烤茶，烤到焦香、炸响时冲入开水，煮3分钟后倒入已放有适量食盐的小碗里，轻轻搅拌几下即可饮用，白族认为喝盐巴茶有清洁口腔、治疗牙龈发炎、调理肠胃的功效。
（四）茶药混煮
傣族在漫长的生产、生活实践中总结了不少茶叶的药用方法，他们用土罐煮浓茶兑明子、生姜服用，患轻度感冒的人2～4小时后感冒自然消除，茶叶、糯米、红糖炒煳后混煮服用，对急性腹泻疗效明显，用生长百年以上的老茶树根煮服或制干后泡服，对治疗高血压、高血脂、冠心病有一定疗效。