Ⅱ.Exquisite Technology
The factors that form the quality of high-quality Pu’er tea are the first high-quality fresh leaves of Yunnan big-leaf variety, followed by exquisite processing technology, both of which are indispensable.The fresh leaves of Yunnan big leaf tea were processed into sun-de-activated green tea, which laid the raw material foundation for the processing of Pu’er tea.Pu’er tea is processed strictly according to relevant scientific standards.Its quality depends on microorganism and hydrothermal action.You may appreciate the natural, unique, ecological and original charm in processing of Pu’er tea.It is these colorful processing processes and the unique quality of Pu’er tea that make Pu’er tea unique in characteristics.
（一）晒青毛茶的加工工艺
普洱茶原料即晒青毛茶，其加工工艺主要为：鲜叶摊放→杀青→揉捻→日光干燥等工序。日光干燥是普洱茶晒青毛茶加工的最后一道工序，也是保障普洱茶后期品质转化空间的关键步骤之一。普洱茶晒青毛茶的干燥方式要求必须是日光干燥。在日光干燥过程中，太阳辐射的长波光使茶坯升温，水分缓慢汽化散失；水热条件下，短波光催化进行光化学反应，使茶坯内含物质发生光解化学质变，光化学反应主导下，湿热自动氧化同时进行，茶多酚、蛋白质、糖类发生复杂的化学反应。注意摊晒时的卫生，不能混入其他非茶类夹杂物。晒青毛茶具有条索紧结，色泽墨绿或褐绿，汤色橙黄明亮，有日晒气味等特征。
（二）普洱茶（生茶）初制工艺
普洱茶（生茶）是以晒青毛茶为原料，经蒸压成型工艺制成的紧压茶，有饼茶、砖茶、沱茶等花色品种，其压制工序主要分为：备料→称茶→蒸压→干燥。
（三）普洱茶（熟茶）加工工艺
普洱茶（熟茶）根据形态和制作流程可分为：普洱茶（熟茶）散茶和普洱茶（熟茶）紧压茶。依据各自品质的要求，采用不同的工艺进行生产。
1.普洱茶（熟茶）散茶加工流程
备料→潮水→微生物固态发酵→干燥→筛分→拣剔→拼配→包装→仓贮陈化
2.普洱茶（熟茶）紧压茶精制工艺
原料付制→筛分→拼配→润茶→蒸压→干燥→包装→仓贮陈化
(I)Processing Technology of Sun-deactivated Primary Tea
The processing technology of sun-deactivated primary tea, the raw material of Pu’er tea is:spreading fresh leaves → deactivating enzymes → twisting → drying in sunlight, etc.Sunlight drying is the last processing process of Pu’er tea.It is also a key step to ensure the quality transformation space of Pu’er tea in the later period.The drying method of sun-deactivated primary Pu’er tea must be sunlight drying.In sunlight drying, the long wave light radiated by the sun heats up the tea blank, and the water slowly evaporates and loses; Under the hydrothermal condition,photochemical reaction is conducted under short wave photocatalysis, which makes the contents of tea body undergo photochemical degradation.Under the guidance of photochemical reaction,automatic oxidation at moist heat takes place at the same time, and complex chemical reactions occur among tea polyphenols, protein and sugar.Pay attention to the hygiene when spreading under the sun,and do not mix the tea with other non-tea inclusions.Sun-deactivated primary tea has the characteristics of tight twisted strip, dark green or brown green color, orange and bright soup, and sun smell.
(II)Primary Processing Technology of Raw Pu’er Tea
Raw Pu’er tea is a kind of compressed tea made from sun-deactivated primary tea by steaming and compressing.There are cake tea, brick tea, Tuo tea and other varieties.Its compressing process is mainly divided into: preparing materials → weighing tea → steaming and compressing → drying.
(III)Processing Technology ofFermented Pu’er Tea
Fermented Pu’er tea can be divided into loose fermented Pu’er tea and compressed fermented Pu’er tea according to its shape and production process.According to different quality requirements, different processes are adopted for production.
1.Processing flow of loose fermented Pu’er tea
Preparing materials→watering→solid fermentation with microorganisms→drying→scree ning→sorting→blending→packaging→storage and aging
2.Processing flow of compressed fermented Pu’er tea
Preparing raw materials→screening→blending→moistening→steaming and compressi ng→drying→packaging→storage and aging