形象化、性格化

二、形象化、性格化

我们可以毫不夸张地说,语言同动作一样,是塑造人物形象、体现人物性格的重要手段,同样作为演员表演中的重要因素,语言甚至能比动作传达更为复杂深刻、更为强烈而丰富的思想和情感。所谓人物语言的性格化、形象化,就是指语言贴近人物的性格特征、身份地位,也就是用语言给人物贴标签,让每个人物(特别是主要角色)都有自己的“语言身份”,使观众“闻其声,知其人”。生活中有的人说话慢条斯理,有的人活泼风趣,有的人说话颠三倒四,有的人说话理性刻板,有的人说话细声细语,有的人说话粗声粗气,等等。影视剧中的人物塑造、情节推进要出彩,人物的语言就不能千人一腔。比如,《狮子王》(The Lion King)中刀疤(Scar)的语言和木法沙(Mufasa)的语言就是邪恶和正义的天壤之别;即使土狼和刀疤都是反面角色,他们使用的语言也有很大的差别,一个是“坏”,一个是“阴”;即使都是土狼,三只土狼也通过语言表现出不同的性格特征。

需要指出的是,一部优秀作品中的人物,尤其是主要人物,在整体个性特征和情感基调统一的前提下,其性格往往是复杂的、多层次的,甚至是非常矛盾的。我们以《女人香》(Scent of a Woman)中的两个经典对白片段(例4和例5)为例:一个场景是弗兰克·斯莱德(Frank Slade)中校在餐厅和一位女子搭讪并邀其跳探戈,另一个场景是斯莱德中校在学校大会上与校长针锋相对,为查理(Charlie)辩护。同样是这位失明的退役中校斯莱德,他前后使用的语言却有很大的差别。

例4:

Frank:Excuse me,senorita,do you mind if we join you?I'm feelin' you're being neglected.

Girl:Well,I'm expecting somebody.

Frank:Instantly?

Girl:No,but any minute now.

Frank:Any minute?Some people live a lifetime in a minute.What are you doin' right now?

Girl:I'm waiting for him.

Frank:Would you mind if we wait with you,you know,just to keep the womanizers from bothering you?

Girl:No,I don't mind.

Frank:Thank you.Charlie.You know,I detect...a fragrance in the air.Don't tell me what it is.Ogilvie Sisters soap.

Girl:Ah,that's amazing.

Frank:I'm in the amazing business!

例5:

Trask:Mr.Slade.

Frank:This is such a crock of shit!

Trask:Please watch your language,Mr.Slade.You are in the Baird school,not a barracks.Mr.Simms,I will give you one final opportunity to speak up.

Frank:Mr.Simms doesn't want it.He doesn't need to be labeled...“still worthy of being a Baird man.”What the hell is that?What is your motto here?“Boys,inform on your classmates,save your hide;anything short of that,we're gonna burn you at the stake?”Well,gentlemen,when the shit hits the fan,some guys run...and some guys stay.Here's Charlie facin' the fire,and there's George...hidin' in big daddy's pocket.And what are you doin'?You're gonna reward George...and destroy Charlie.

Trask:Are you finished,Mr.Slade?

Frank:No,I'm just gettin' warmed up.

例4中,主人公的语言以礼貌文雅为基调,温柔又不失风度,如Excuse me,do you mind if...,Would you mind if we…等,当然也有一些俏皮和调侃,如Some people live a lifetime in a minute,just to keep the womanizers from bothering you,I'm in the amazing business等。而例5中,斯莱德频用脏字、俚语,如This is such a crock of shit,What the hell is that等,很像军营用语,怪不得校长提醒他“注意言辞”(watch your language)。