◎ 我有地方学习吗?
你用什么方式来创建自己的空间,以及你选择了什么样的地方,都会影响你的学习能力。
我的学习空间得到充分利用了吗?在你人生当中的每个阶段,都要环顾四周,确定自己是如何生活的。你有没有创建一个鼓励自己学习的空间?
我会生活在什么地方?人生当中会有些时候,你需要生活在一群人当中;还有一些时候,对你的学习方式来说,你不需要跟别人生活在一起。要注意这些不同时期的递归循环。
【注释】
〔1〕.J.J.Arnett,“Emerging adulthood:a theory of development from the late teens through the twenties”,American Psychologist,2000,Vol.55(5)469-80.
〔2〕.E.Goffman,Relations in Public,London:Allen Lane,1971.
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〔4〕.J.Hartshorne,and L.Germine,“When does cognitive functioning peak?The asynchronous rise and fall of different cognitive abilities across the lifespan”,Psychological Science,April 2015,26(4),433-43.
〔5〕.对伊格纳西·蒙雷亚尔的采访,FT Weekend,3 March 2017。
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〔7〕.E.Karle,and C.Pittman,Rewire Your Anxious Brain:how to use the neuroscience of fear to end anxiety,panic,and worry,Oakland,CA:New Harbinger Publications,Inc.,2015.
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〔9〕.World Health Organization,Global burden of mental disorders and the need for a comprehensive,coordinated response from health and social sectors at the country level,1 December 2011.
〔10〕.E.L.Deci,and R.M.Ryan,“The‘what’and‘why’of goal pursuits:human needs and the selfdetermination of behaviour”,Psychological Inquiry,2000,11:319-38.
〔11〕.Towards Maturity Report,Preparing for the Future of Learning.Apri 12016.
〔12〕.G.Petriglieri,S.Ashford,and A.Wrzesniewski,“Thriving in the Gig Economy”,Harvard Business Review,March-April 2018.
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〔14〕.H.lbarra,Working Identity:Unconventional Strategies for Reinventing Your Career,Boston:Harvard Business School Press,2003.
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〔16〕.E.Wenger,and W.M.Snyder,“Communities of Practice:the organizational frontier”,Harvard Business Review,January-February 2000.
〔17〕.例如可参阅Rauch,The Happiness Curve中的总结。
〔18〕.D.Neumark,I.Burn,and P.Button,“Is it harder for older workers to find jobs?New and improved evidence from a field experiment”,NBER Working Paper,21669,2016.
〔19〕.“How secure is employment at old ages”,Urban Institute,December 2018:https://www.urban.org/research/publication/how-secure-employment-older-ages.
〔20〕.https://blog.aarp.org/2018/01/05/unemployment-rate-for-those-ages-55-increases-in-december.
〔21〕.P.Azowlay,B.Jones,J.Daniel Kim and J.Miranda,“Age and high-growth entrepreneurship”,NBER Working Paper No.24489,April 2018.
〔22〕.M.Nussbaum,and S.Levmore,Aging Thoughtfully:Conversations about Retirement,Romance,Wrinkles and Regrets,Oxford:Oxford University Press,2017.
〔23〕.Nussbaum and Levmore,Aging Thoughtfully.
〔24〕.D.Kahneman,B.L.Fredrickson,C.A.Schreiber and D.A.Redelmeier,“When more pain is preferred to less:adding a better end”,Psychological Science,November 1993,Vol.4(6),401-5.
〔25〕.阿图·葛文德(Atul Gawande)在《最好的告别》(Being Mortal:Medicine and What Matters in the End)中也充满了类似的情绪,New York:Picador,Henty Holt and Company,2017。
〔26〕.L.Carstensen,“Social and emotional patterns in adulthood:support for socioemotional selectivity theory”,Psychology andAging,September 1992,Vol.7(3),331-8.