汉日语时向隐喻的实证对比研究

An Empirical Comparative Study of Orientational Metaphors in Japanese and Chinese

徐　莲

[摘　要]基于辞典和语料库，对学界长期争论的汉日语时向隐喻中空间轴的选择问题和时间认知模式的主次问题展开实证性的考察分析，发现（1）相比纵向时间模式，汉日语的时向隐喻都更倾向于使用横向时间模式，同时日语横纵模式之间的差距比汉语更为显著；（2）在构建时向隐喻的过程中，汉日语均主要采取时间在动的认知模式，而很少使用自我在动模式，两种语言在倾向性方面没有显著差异。这一考察结果为学界长期悬而未决的两个倾向性问题提供了客观而有说服力的论据。

[关键词]认知　隐喻　时间　空间　日汉对比

Abstract：For a long time，the choice of spatial axis and temporal cognitive models of orientational metaphors in Japanese and Chinese is a contentious issue.So we make an empirical comparative study on this topic based on dictionary and corpus.And we find that(1)the horizontal temporal model is more often used than the vertical model and the gap between them is bigger in Japanese than that in Chinese.(2)The time-moving metaphor system is more often used than the ego-moving metaphor system both in Japanese and Chinese.And no significant gap is observed.The conclusion af fords objective and forceful proof to the two outstanding problems.

Key words：cognition；metaphor；time；space；Chinese-Japanese contrastive study