1.1　Third-front Construction

In the mid sixties,in order to prevent imperialist aggressors,China's top leadership made a decision about national defense and economic development,and that is third-front construction.^[4]From 1964 to 1983,nearly 2 000 enterprises and research institutes witnessed the history.Based on the siteselecting principle that“sites should be close to mountains,geographicallydispersed and concealed(or even located in the cave)”,these third-front enterprises are mainly distributed in Sichuan,Guizhou,Chongqing,Yunnan,Shaanxi,Gansu,Ningxia,Qinghai,west Hunan,west Hubei and west Henan.Some of them are military enterprises which produce arms and others are resources and energy suppliers,including mining,transportation,iron and steel,cement and electric power enterprises.(https://www.daowen.com)

In the 1980s,the shift of international situation and new trend of domestic economy led to the demise of third-front construction strategy.Since November 1983,the State Council established the guideline that third-front enterprises must achieve“adjustment,transformation and development”and set an institution named Third-front Construction's Adjustment and Reconstruction Planning Office of the State Council(the Planning Office).After a six-monthinvestigation,the Planning Office determined to implement“adjustment and removal policy”.Every enterprise is required to close down,merge with other enterprises and transform its structure or move to another place according to its own situation.Such a project lasted for more than 20 years and was not completed until the beginning of 2006.