1.2 Status
From April to June 2016,Chongqing Productivity Center,Chongqing Institute of Development and Reformation and Chongqing Municipal CPC History Research Office,supported by relative district and county authorities,made a large-scale investigation into the heritage sites of the third-front Construction in Chongqing and obtained comprehensive and complete data of the heritage.There are currently 53 heritage sites of the third-front enterprises in Chongqing,including one provincial cultural heritage site(816 Nuclear Military Plant)and two county level cultural heritage sites(Wanzhou State-owned Yongping Machinery Factory and Institute of Yongchuan Semiconductor Integrated Circuit).Besides 39 industrial manufacturers,there were seven institutions,one hospital,four warehouses,and one scientific research base.
Table1 TheListofHeritageSitesoftheThird-f rontEnterprisesinChongqin g
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These heritage sites can be divided into the following four types according to their conservation and utilization status:
1)Wild type.This type of factories was abandoned during the early stage due to unsatisfactory geological,traffic or water conditions.These sites,where few constructions were finished due to limited investment,have been deserted and dilapidated after decades of neglect,and the lands have been resumed for planting.For example,the factories in Qianjin,Yongjin,Hongyang and Xinxing,which were initially planned to be built in Wulong district but were later given up by No.6 Ministry of Machine Building from 1965 to 1968.
2)Partially used type.The original factories or living quarters were transferred after the adjustment and moving out of the third-front enterprises.The property owners separated the factories and lands into several small areas for different uses,such as workshops for small and medium-sized enterprises,dorms of schools,training bases,and tourist hotels,etc.For example,the factories in Hongshan and Hongquan(Nanchuan),Qingyan(Qijiang),Lingchuan(Hechuan),Qingjiang and Jingjiang(Jiangjin).Most of the third-front heritage sites are partially used type.
3)Overall used type.The original factories such as Ningjiang Factory(Nanchuan),Tianxing Factory,Pingshan Factory(Wansheng),Gangqiu Factory,Huachuan Factory(Hechuan),No.24 Electronic Institute and No.44 Electronic Institute(Yongchuan),Jiangyun Factory(Wanzhou),6802 Hospital,and Ship Automation Institute,etc.were transferred and transformed as a whole,i.e.into prison,school,or industrial park.The receivers were mainly government authorities or social public institutions with public financial sources or in good financial condition.
4)Overall abandoned type.The heritage sites were basically abandoned and have not been used till today.For example,Shuangxi Factory in Qijiang and Jinlin Factory in Wansheng.