四、结论

四、结论

在公私并举的中国反垄断二元执行框架下,行政处罚与民事损害赔偿制度在制裁垄断行为取得的威慑效果上均存在一定的局限性,而二者协调机制的缺失,导致反垄断制裁的整体效果不佳。构建完善有效的行政处罚与民事损害赔偿协调机制,有助于实现反垄断制裁的最优威慑目标。具体而言,反垄断行政处罚需要理顺没收违法所得与罚款的适用关系,探索建立违法所得退还制度,以实现对垄断行为受害者利益的兼顾;同时,将民事损害赔偿作为罚款的减轻因素,避免过度威慑的风险。根据反垄断民事损害赔偿诉讼的不同情形,我国反垄断法应区分运用实际损害赔偿与惩罚性赔偿的罚则,并限制宽恕制度下豁免责任的申请人的民事损害赔偿责任,从而促进宽恕制度的实施,实现威慑的整体最优。最后,明确支付能力不足情形下民事损害赔偿优先于行政处罚执行,以保障受害者权益。

Deterrence Idea and the Effective Coordination of the Chinese Antimonopoly Sanctions

WANG Jian FANG Xiang

Abstract:Deterrence is the most important value of antimonopoly sanctions.Under the dual enforcement system of public enforcement and private enforcement,the administrative punishment and the civil damages stipulated by Chinese Antimonopoly Law have certain limitations in the deterrent effect.Constructing a sound and effective coordination mechanism between administrative punishment and civil damages will help to achieve the optimal deterrence of antimonopoly sanctions.Antimonopoly administrative punishment should further rationalize the relationship between the confiscation of the illegal gains and fines,establish a system for confiscation of illegal gains,and regard civil damages as a mitigating factor for fines.According to different types of civil action for damages,the actual damages and the punitive damages should be distinguished and applied,and civil damages of the exempts under the leniency policy should also be limited;the civil damages shall be given priority over administrative punishment if the paying ability is insufficient.

Keywords:Deterrence Idea;Antimonopoly Sanctions;Administrative Punishment;Civil Damage Compensation;Coordination Mechanism

(责任编辑:江 山)

【注释】

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