思维认知目标(Thinking Skills Objectives)
《普通高中英语课程标准(2017 年版)》更明确了思维认知目标在英语教学中的意义,并基于布鲁姆教育分类目标(Anderson & Krathwohl,2001)提出了相关的教学策略,其关键词在于:
•Students are able to memorize, tell, list, define, name, identify… (for knowledge) (知识层面:知识记忆、描述、列举、命名、辨认等)
•Students are able to transform/change, explain, summarize, retell, infer, conclude… (for comprehension) (理解层面:转变、解释、总结、复述、推断、结论等)
•Students are able to apply, practise, employ/use, choose, decide, demonstrate/show,illustrate, modify, report… (for application)(运用层面:运用、练习、使用、选择、决定、展示、图示、调整、报告等)
•Students are able to analyze, examine, compare, contrast, discover, classify, organize,transfer, connect… (for analysis)(分析层面:分析、检验、比较、对照、发现、分类、整理、迁移、关联等)
•Students are able to create, compose, design, produce, discuss, imagine… (for creation)(创新层面:创造、创作、设计、生成、讨论、想象等)
•Students are able to judge, decide, select, evaluate… (for evaluation) (评价层面:判断、决定、选择、评价等)