三、引申法
英语词汇的内涵和外延同汉语有很大的区别。在翻译的过程中，不善于使用引申法，照字面释义翻译，必然晦涩难懂，引起诸多误解。引申法指译出词语的内涵、抽象变成具体、添字加语等值转换以及审时度势。
（一）译出词语的内涵
例1：Never so happy as when my hands are full.
我是越忙越快乐。
例2：Dick got good marks in the final exams，but he thought he could improve on them.
期末迪克考得不错，他认为他还有余力。
例3：As we know，colours can give more force to the package of the product.
众所周知，色彩赋予产品的包装更多美感。
（二）抽象变具体
例1：Marie was quite alone among them all in dungeon of a house；and Julia’s tongue was enough to kill her.
玛丽住在他们中间异常孤独，就像监狱一般，朱丽亚那刻薄的话语常使她痛苦不堪。
例2：Critics believe that lecturing as a method of teaching results in passive methods of learning which tend to be less effective than those which fully engage the learner.
批评家们认为满堂灌的教学方法会造成被动的学习方法，这种方法比起学习者积极参与的方法来效果自然差。
例3：Ten minutes later media flocked to the accident site.
10分钟后记者纷纷赶往事故现场。
（三）添字加语
例1：What with over work and what with under nourishment，he became very weak.
他身体变得很虚弱，一半是由于过度工作。一半是由于营养不良。
例2：For most patients，twice-daily dosing is effective in maintain ing blood pressure reduction throughout the day.
对于大多数病人来说，每天服药两次可有效地维持降压作用。
例3：The cost of prevention medicine keeps it from being widely applied，yet available statistics justify the validity of preventive ef forts in certain specific disease.
尽管预防疾病的药费使它无法推广，然而现有的数据证明对防病治病却很有成效。