椎间盘生物化学研究的进展
近年来，国内外学者对椎间盘的生物化学变化进行了大量深入的研究，对揭示椎间盘退变规律做出了很多贡献。但是，对椎间盘退变机制的解释尚不圆满，很多问题还有待于解决。展望未来，椎间盘生物化学研究正在向以下几个方面进行努力。
1．椎间盘细胞的生物学特性研究：通过探讨细胞生长、繁殖、凋亡的规律，有助于深入了解椎间盘基质生化成分的代谢特点，提出延缓椎间盘退变的方法。
2．胶原与蛋白多糖基因调控研究：可以从根本上调控椎间盘基质成分的含量与性质变化，改善椎间盘力学性能，从而达到延缓椎间盘退变的目的。
3．椎间盘基质降解机制的研究：近年来，认为在椎间盘退变过程中，基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）发挥着重要作用，通过对MMP降解基质成分及其调控机制研究，可寻找到延缓椎间盘退变的有效方法。
4．组织工程和细胞工程学的发展，为椎间盘生物化学研究提供了更为前沿的手段，也将为椎间盘退变的防治提供广阔的前景。
（张西峰）
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